Integration of Metabolism Flashcards
G6P can enter what 3 pathways
Glycogenesis
Pyruvate TCA
Ribose-5-Phosphate PPP
Pyruvate can be converted to what 4 molecules
Acetyl CoA
Lactate
Alanine
OAA
Adipose tissue uses what for energy
Glucose first
Fatty acids second
Liver uses what for energy
B-oxidation of fatty acids
Muscles use what for energy
Glucose
Fatty acids
Amino acids
What organ uses the most energy
Brain uses 20% of O2 consumed by resting human
What energy source does the heart use
Cardiac muscle is exclusively aerobic
Glucose, lactate, fatty acids, ketone bodies are used
What is phosphagen, and when is it used
Regeneration of ATP by phosphocreatine
Short bursts of heavy activity-springing
What is anaerobic glycolysis and when is it used
Oxidation of free blood glucose or glycogen. This generates lactate, which causes decrease in power and muscle fatigue
-Used after ATP-PC phase (~30sec)
What is the Cori cycle
Cooperation b/w muscle and liver
Regenerates glucose from lactate
How do ATP/ADP levels effect the TCA cycle in relation to NADH/NAD
When ATP is high, TCA cycle is downregulated to limit the amount of NADH created and oxidized by ETC.
When ATP is low, TCA is upregulated to create more NADH as substrate for oxphos
What is GLP-1
Glucagon like peptide 1- potentiates insulin secretion/biosynthesis in the pancreas and induces feelings of satiety in brain
What is CCK
Secreted into the duodenum/jejunum, signals brain to generate feeling of satiety. Also helps in digestion, stimulates release of pancreatic enzymes and bile salts from gallbladder
Ghrelin
Acts on hypothalamus to stimulate appetite. Levels are high before a meal and lower after a meal
Leptin
Secreted by adipocytes, reports on the status of triacylglycerol stores
