DSA Fundamentals of Biochemical Reactions Flashcards
What is Le Chateliers principle (Mass action)
States that Keq can be manipulated by altering the concentrations of products and reactants. +Change(G) reactions can be driven to the right by increasing reactants and decreasing products
Input of energy (Coupled reactions)
Allows endergonic reaction to be coupled to an exergonic reaction in order for the former to occur
-They must share a common intermediate
How do kidneys regulate blood pH
By removing H+ and reabsorption of HCO3-
In high pH, less H+ is secreted (as NH4+) and less bicarbonate is reabsorbed
Breathing responses to metabolic acidosis and alkalosis
Acidosis- Hyperventilation
Alkalosis- Hypoventilation
Metabolic acidosis and alkalosis are caused by what, respectively
Acidosis- diarrhea
Alkalosis- vomiting (loss of acid)
Coenzymes vs cofactors
Cofactors are typically metal ions
Coenzymes are usually vitamin derived
What is the importance of each of these coenzymes- copper, iron, zinc
Cu- Energy production
Iron- Heme/oxygen delivery
Zinc- Metabolic enzyme function
Explain hypochlorhydria
Can be caused by using proton pump inhibitors. Decreased HCl in stomach can decrease nutrient absorption and increase sensitivity to food poisoning
Uncompetitive vs noncompetitive inhibitors
Non-competitive bind to ES or E complexes - decreased Vmax
Uncompetitive only bind ES complex- Decreased Vmax and Km
How do chelating factors work in general, how does lead act as one, and how can lead poisoning be treated
Bind metal ions and inhibit them from performing their function as cofactors
Lead inhibits Ferrocheletase, administration of Ca-EDTA will help because Pb has higher affinity for EDTA than Calcium
Troponin/CK-MB in myocardial infarction
They will both be elevated and are test markers for MI
Troponin is a key molecule for muscle contractions
