Integration Of Metabokism Flashcards
Brain metabolic source
Relies on glucose and b hydroxybutyrate
Can use ketone bodies
Can’t use fatty acids
Muscles metabolic source
Use glucose and fatty acids
Heart metabolic source
Uses all sources including tca substrates
What can excess glucose 6 phosphate generate
Glycogen in liver and muscle
Excess Acetyl coa
Can generate fatty acids so can be stored as triglycerides in adipose tissues
Extreme exercise
Lactate is produced as atp demands greater than oxygen supply
How do you avoid hypoglycemia
Body can breakdown liver glycogen stores
Release free fatty acids from adipose
Convert Acetyl coa into ketone bodies
When fed
Blood glucose rises and stimulates release of insulin
Increases triglyceride synthesis glucose synthesis
When fasting
Increased glycogenolysis
Increased gluconeogenesis
Fatty acid breakdown
Prolonged fasting leads to tca intermediate depletion
Protein breakdown
Ketone body production
Hypoglycemia vs hyperglycemia
Hypoglycemia causes faintness
Hyperglycemia causes irreversible damage
Diabetes complications
Hyperglycemia
Cardiovascular complications
Keto acidosis
Hypoglycemia
Atherosclerosis
Moderate exercise
Increased number of glucose transporters
Increased rate of gluconeogenesis
Glycolysis also occurs and fatty acids are released
Intense exercise
Increased breakdown of glycogen
Conversion of Pyruvate into lactate to make glucose for gluconeogenesis
KM
The concentration at which an enzyme functions at half a maximal rate (V max)
HK 1 in muscle is actually e at low glucose
HK IV in liver is active at high glucose.
How many phosphoanhydride bonds need to be broken to turn an energetically unfavorable reaction into a favorable one
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