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Abnormal Psychology > Integrated Approach to Psychopathology > Flashcards

Integrated Approach to Psychopathology Flashcards

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1
Q

Relative number of genes that influence mental illness

A

Mental illness is polygenetic

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2
Q

Genetic contribution to mental illness

A

<50%

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3
Q

Diathesis-stress model

A

Diathesis: genetic vulnerability
Stress: life events
Diathesis + stress = disorder

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4
Q

Reciprocal gene-environment model

A

Genes impact environment

Environment impacts genes

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5
Q

Action potential

A

Electrical charge that travels down the neuron and triggers release of neurotransmitters

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6
Q

Synaptic transmission

A
  1. Neuron A releases neurotransmitters into synapse
  2. Neurotransmitters bind with receptors on neuron B
  3. Enough neurotransmitters bind with receptors, neuron B fires
  4. Extra neurotransmitters in synapse are removed (breakdown and reuptake)
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7
Q

Neurotransmitters

A

Allow for neural communication
Hundreds in human body, but 6 extensively studied
Function depends on location in brain

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8
Q

Serotonin (5-HT)

A

Neurotransmitter

Mood, sleep, learning

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9
Q

Norepinephrine

A

Neurotransmitter

Mood, arousal

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10
Q

Dopamine

A

Neurotransmitter

Movement, pleasure

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11
Q

Acetylcholine (ACH)

A 
Neurotransmitter
Muscles (contraction and restriction)
Botox disrupts; black widow venom increases
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12
Q

Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA)

A

Neurotransmitter
Slows down brain
Used in anti-anxiety drugs

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13
Q

Glutamate

A

Neurotransmitter

Stimulates brain

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14
Q

Agonists

A

Increases production and availability of neurotransmitters

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15
Q

Antagonists

A

Decreases availability of neurotransmitters

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16
Q

Medulla

A

Hindbrain

Life sustaining processes

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17
Q

Pons

A

Hindbrain

Regulation of sleep stages

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18
Q

Cerebellum

A

Hindbrain

Fine motor coordination

19
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Limbic system
Basic drives (hunger, thirst, sex drive, etc.)
Organizes pituitary gland, which releases hormones

20
Q

Amygdala

A

Limbic system

Emotions (anger, fear)

21
Q

Hippocampus

A

Limbic system

Consolidation of memory (gateway by which new memories are made; doesn’t store memories)

22
Q

Frontal lobe

A

Cerebral cortex
Thinking, movement, executive function, emotional regulation
Motor cortex: different areas trigger different parts of body to move

23
Q

Parietal lobe

A

Cerebral cortex
Touch
Primary somatosensory cortex: different areas process touch info from different parts of body

24
Q

Occipital lobe

A

Cerebral cortex

Visual integration

25
Q

Temporal lobe

A

Cerebral cortex

Auditory integration and memory storage

26
Q

Right hemisphere of brain

A

Visual and spatial

27
Q

Left hemisphere of brain

A

Analytical, language

28
Q

Corpus callosum

A

Communication between 2 halves of brain (connects halves)

29
Q

Contralateral control

A

Left side of brain controls right side and vice versa

30
Q

Somatic branch of peripheral nervous system

A

Nerves that control voluntary muscles

31
Q

Autonomic branch of peripheral nervous system

A

Nerves that control automatic processes such as digestion, pupil dilation and heartbeat

32
Q

Sympathetic nervous system

A

Part of autonomic branch

Fight or flight (respiration increases, heart rate increases, digestion decreases, etc.)

33
Q

Parasympathetic nervous system

A

Part of autonomic branch

Counteracts sympathetic nervous system (returns body to normal autonomic functioning)

34
Q

Adrenaline

A

Hormone that controls fear response

35
Q

Cortisol

A

Hormone that controls stress response

Produced by adrenal gland

36
Q

Traditional view of neuroscience

A

Psychopathology results from brain irregularity; to treat disorders, brain must be fixed
View is too simple: experiences impact brain structure and function

37
Q

Memory accessibility

A

How accessible are certain memories over others

38
Q

Memory biases

A

Which things do you choose to remember/remember more easily

39
Q

Attentional biases

A

Which things do you choose to focus on

40
Q

Interpretation biases

A

People interpret things differently based on their mental states

41
Q

Stroop paradigm

A

Attention to 1 area interferes with ability to do task in other area (ex- fear of spider-related words interferes with ability to recognize colors)

42
Q

Affect

A

Outward presentation of mood

43
Q

Difference between mood and emotion

A

Lasts longer than emotion

Not linked to specific event

44
Q

Equifinality

A

Several paths lead to a given outcome

Abnormal Psychology (15 decks)

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