insulin Flashcards
1
Q
what can insulin resistance cause?
A
- diabetes
- hypertension
- neurodegenerative disease
- chronic kidney disease
- liver disease
- gout
- sleep apnea
- acne
- hyperlipidaemia
2
Q
what can cause insulin resistance
A
- excess weight
- excess caloric intake
- sedentary lifestyle
- genetics
3
Q
how does insulin resistance cause heart failure
A
- increase lipid oxidation then increase oxidative stress
- leads to mitochondrial dysfunction and decrease glucose metabolism
- this leads to ventricular hypertrophy, cardiomyopathy, cardiac fibrosis and systolic abnormality leading to heart failure
4
Q
what is the gold standard for the measurement of insulin sensitivity
A
the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp
5
Q
what are the three mechanisms of insulin resistance
A
- impairment of insulin signalling
- inflammation
- pathway-selective hepatic insulin resistance
6
Q
can insulin resistance be reversed
A
yes
