Instruments Test Objectives Flashcards
Identify information contained in FLIP planning documents
- General planning - terms, airspace division, common worldwide procedures
- Area planning - information on specific regions or geographical areas
- AP/1 - North and South America
- AP/1B - Military routes, North and South America
Identify information contained in FLIP enroute documents
◦ Enroute low altitude charts - airways and related data (below 18,000’ MSL)
- Area charts
- Enroute high altitude charts - airways and related data (at and above 18,000’ MSL)
- Enroute IFR supplement - alphabetical IFR Airport/Facility Directory, Special Notices and Procedures
Identify information contained in FLIP terminal documents
- Terminal high and low altitude - Instrument Approach Procedures, Airport Diagrams, Standard Instrument Departures and Radar Instrument
Approach Minimums - Standard terminal arrival (STAR) booklet
Identify procedures used for an instrument take off
- Perform a normal takeoff using visual references, transition to an instrument scan as visual cues are lost
- 8-10° nose high, two positive rates, gear/flaps
Identify types of instrument departures and information they provide
- Departure procedure (DP)
◦ Required if there is one (found in low alt. Vol. 14)
‣ Diverse departure
◦ Do at a non-towered field with no DP
‣ Radar departure
◦ Do at a towered field with no DP
‣ Visual climb over the airport (VCOA)
◦ Do at a non-towered field with no DP, and VFR conditions
Identify the effect of a controllers clearance on a SID
“Climb and maintain” or “maintain”
◦ Disregard DP’s altitude restrictions but continue to fly route
Identify items contained in a holding clearance
- Direction (in terms of cardinal points)
◦ Name of holding fix
◦ Radial to hold on
◦ Leg length - time or distance
– Can be assumed 1 min below 14,000’ MSL if not stated
‣ Direction of turn
◦ Standard right hand turns if not stated
‣ Expect further clearance (EFC) time
◦ Only used in case of comms failure
Identify proper entry type and heading required for entry into holding
◦ Entry based on reciprocal of inbound course
◦ Entries are opposite for non standard holding patterns
◦ Teardrop - within +70° of current heading
◦ Parallel - within -110° of current heading
◦ Direct - otherwise
Identify correct point to start any required timing for outbound and inbound legs of holding
◦ Outbound - wings level or abeam holding fix (whichever is last)
◦ Inbound - wings level
Identify procedure for determining direction of inbound turns during holding
◦ Tail-radial-turn
◦ If on radial, turn towards holding side
Identify procedure for determining the direction of wind in holding
◦ Tail-radial-wind
Identify heading and timing adjustments required for a correction orbit in holding
◦ Heading - outbound, triple the drift (max 1 min)
◦ Timing - adjust outbound time to maintain 1 min inbound
Identify speed restrictions below 10,000’ during enroute descent
- 250 KIAS
Identify enroute descent actions based on controllers instructions
◦ Report leaving altitude
◦ Descent at optimum rate until 1000’ prior (4000 fpm), then 500-1500 fpm
◦ Follow ATC instructions as given
Identify items (ABCD) that should be accomplished prior to the initial approach fix (IAF)
◦ ATIS, Brief, Cockpit setup, Descent checklist
Identify terminal routing information from published enroute or feeder facilities on an IAP
◦ Indicated by a thin line along a dashed circle in the plan view
◦ Labeled either enroute facility or feeder facility
Identify restrictions for published terminal routing information on an IAP
◦ Terminal routing = enroute or feeder facilities
◦ For low altitude approaches, course, altitude and range are given
Identify actions required at the IAF for a given procedure turn approach (6 T’s)
• Time - n/a
◦ Turn - shortest direction to parallel outbound course, if >90° set intercept
◦ Time - 1 min outbound
◦ Transition - if descent req’d, 15% tq, 150 KIAS
◦ Twist/intercept - CDI to outbound course
◦ Talk - as req’d
Identify published “remain within” distance restrictions on an IAP
- Found in profile view next to PT
Identify situations when published procedure turn is NOT required
“SNERT”
‣ Cleared for Straight in approach
‣ Flying the NoPT routing
‣ Established in holding aligned with PT course
‣ Radar vectored to final
‣ Cleared for a Timed approach
Identify actions required at the IAF for a HILO approach (6 T’s)
◦ Time - n/a
◦ Turn - normal holding entry procedures
◦ Time - 1 min outbound
◦ Transition - if descent req’d, 15% tq, 150 KIAS
◦ Twist/intercept - CDI to outbound course
◦ Talk - as req’d
Identify rules for number of orbits used during a HILO IAP
◦ ONE, must have clearance from ATC for more
Identify approach category for the T-6B
Category B
Identify applicable landing minima for the T-6B given a VOR, ILS, LOC, or GPS IAP
Found in bottom section of approach plate
Identify normal airspeeds and BAC transition points used during a given IAP
- 5 nm prior to IAF, slow to 150
– Unless on long straight in
‣ Wait until 10 nm from FAF
• 5 nm prior to FAF, slow to 120, transition to BAC
Identify type of intercept to be used during the inbound turn during a procedure turn or teardrop IAP
◦ 45º Intercept if the head of the bearing pointer is not within 5º of the inbound course
◦ DAI intercept if the head of the bearing pointer is within 5º of the inbound course
Identify number of degrees required for a full-scale CDI deflection when receiving a localizer signal and PFD source is “LOC”
2.5°
• With a GPS approach loaded and PFD source “FMS” identify number of degrees required for full-scale CDI deflection in the ENR, TERM, and APR phases of flight
◦ ENR - 5 nm
◦ TERM - 1 nm
◦ APR - 0.3 nm
Identify DLIDS set up requirements for a given ILS or LOC IAP
◦ DME Hold - set ◦ Localizer freq - TIM ◦ Inbound course - set CDI ◦ Display - PFD source to “LOC” ◦ Speed - appropriate for transition procedure
Determine if DME hold is required for a given ILS or LOC IAP
If there is a paired channel with the localizer frequency, DME hold is not required
Identify FAF for an ILS IAP
◦ FAF occurs when the aircraft is on glideslope and the published altitude
◦ Depicted on the profile view by a lightning bolt symbol
Identify FAF for a LOC, VOR, or GPS IAP
FAF for non-precision approach is is depicted by the Maltese cross symbol
Identify MAP for a given ILS IAP
At DH/DA and on glideslope
Identify MAP for a given non-precision IAP
◦ Timing or DME
◦ At the closest DME to the runway
Calculate approximate rate of descent required for a given ILS approach
◦ Use published glideslope and climb/descent table in back of approach book
◦ 3 degree glideslope formula: (groundspeed x 10)/2
Identify actions required at the FAF (6 T’s) for a non-precision IAP
◦ TIME - Start timing (backup to identify the MAP if DME fails)
◦ TURN - Turn in the shortest direction to parallel the final approach course
◦ TIME - Not required
◦ TRANSITION - Set approximately 15% torque, trim for 120 KIAS descent to next segment altitude or MDA
◦ TWIST - If not already done, twist the FAC into the CDI and set intercept as required
◦ TALK - As req’d
Identify differences between DA/DH and MDA
DA/DH is used for non precision whereas MDA is used for precision approaches
Identify a published visual descent point (VDP) on an IAP
Depicted as a bold V on the profile view
Identify weather requirements for a given radar approach
◦ Weather minimums are found in the front of the terminal low altitude approach plate book
◦ Can be no lower than 200-1/2
◦ If minimum ceiling must be adjusted, increase other altitude minimums by the same factor
Identify DH/DA or MDA for a given radar approach for the T6B
◦ These altitudes are found in the front of the terminal low altitude approach plate books
◦ If weather minimums are increased, increase these altitudes as well
Calculate the approximate rate of descent for the T6 be on a given PAR
◦ Use published glideslope and climb/descent table in back of approach book
◦ 3 degree glideslope formula: (groundspeed x 10)/2
Identify time requirements for Lost communications during a radar approach
◦ 1 min on vector to final approach
◦ 15 sec on ASR or PAR w/o GS final
◦ 5 sec on PAR final
◦ After these times, proceed as follows
◦ Attempt contact on a secondary frequency
‣ Proceed VFR if possible
‣ Proceed with a non-radar approach
Identify source for missed approach instructions for a radar approach
Issued by the controller
Identify type of aircraft guidance available during an ASR approach
Course and range
Identify type of aircraft guidance available during the PAR approach
Precise course, range, and glideslope
Identify the MAP for the ASR or PAR w/o GS
◦ MAP for these procedures are given by the controller
◦ Execute missed approach if runway not insight or safe landing cannons be made
‣ If “Radar contact lost,” and the runway environment is not in sight, a missed approach shall be executed
Identify conditions requiring a missed approach during a PAR
◦ At DA/DA on altimeter, and runway environment not in sight
◦ Controller reports DA/DA, and runway environment not in sight
◦ When directed by an external source
◦ When a safe landing cannot be made
Identify expected rates of turn to be used during a no Gyro approach
◦ SRT (not to exceed 30° AOB) until on final
◦ ½ SRT unless otherwise directed on final
Identify landing environment information/symbology presented in an airport sketch diagram
Includes runways, taxiways, lighting systems, ground obstructions, and elevations
Interpret a given PAPI indication for aircraft position in relation to desired glide path
Precision approach path indicator ◦ Four horizontal lights, usually to the left of the runway ◦ On glidepath, 2 red and 2 white ◦ 3/4 red, too low ◦ 314 white too high
Interpret a given VASI indication for aircraft position in relation to desired glide path
◦ Visual approach slope indicator
◦ Red over white when on glideslope
◦ Both red when low, both white when high
Identify obstruction clearance provided at circling minimums and the size of protected circling air space
◦ 300’ clearance
◦ Radius depends on category of aircraft
◦ Approach category B was a 1.5 mile radius
Identify requirements for executing a missed approach
◦ You must execute a missed approach if at the MAP,
◦ Lacking sufficient visual cues
‣ Aircraft is not in a position to maneuver to a safe landing
‣ Directed to by ATC
Identify missed approach procedures for a given IAP
Written description pilot briefings section, symbols in profile view, dashed line in both profile and plan views
Identify conditions and procedures for executing a missed approach prior to the MAP
◦ Full scale deflection prior to FAF
◦ Attempt to return to course
‣ If unable, contact ATC, do not descend below FAF altitude
‣ Between FAF and MAP
◦ Immediate climb to missed approach altitude
‣ Fly to MAP, then execute missed approach procedure
Identify initial turn direction required for a missed approach due to loss of contact with airport environment during a circling maneuver
Climbing turn toward the landing runway, continue turn until on missed approach course
Identify weather requirements for a given IAP
Found at the bottom of the approach plate in landing minima section
Identify IAF for a given IAP
◦ Labelled on the approach plate in the plan view
◦ Can be more than one for the same approach
Identify altitude restrictions for a given IAP
Found in both plan and profile view
Identify HAT and type of altitude for a given IAP
◦ Height Above Touchdown
◦ Found in landing minima section
◦ Height of DA/DH or MDA above the TDZ in AGL
Identify procedures associated with a GPS terminal arrival area (TAA)
◦ Transition from RNAV enroute structure to terminal area
◦ Generally in a basic “T” shape, with 3 arrival areas, and an IAF in each
◦ 1000’ obstacle clearance
◦ Depicted in plan view
Identify procedures associated with a loss of GPS integrity during a GPS approach
Prior to FAWP ◦ Transition to a back up approach ‣ Continue on course to the FAWP ‣ Maintain FAWP altitude while flying to the MAWP ‣ Execute missed approach at the MAWP ‣ Inside the FAWP ◦ Transition to a back up approach ‣ Climb to missed approach altitude ‣ Continue track to the MAWP, then execute a missed approach
Identify LDDH set up requirements for a given GPS IAP
◦ L - load GPS approach
◦ D - direct to IAWP
◦ D - display, PFD source FMS
◦ H - hold, ensure waypoints have /h if a hold is required
◦ A - approach mode, ensure APR mode 2 no from FAWP
Identify standard IFR communications used in various phases of instrument flight
Appendix C
Identify information provided and procedures required for a given SID
◦ Be able to read a SID
◦ Symbology is same as approach plates
Identify procedures to obtain IFR clearance for departure from a non-towered airfield
◦ Call AFSS on ground via phone
◦ Licensed UNICOM operator at the airport
◦ Call AFSS or ATC on radio if line of sight
◦ Depart VFR, contact controlling authority while VMC
Use CR- flight computer to calculate rate, time, and distance
◦ Based on proportions
◦ Rate = distance/time
◦ Distance/60 = distance/time
◦ Make sure units match
Use a CR- flight computer to calculate fuel consumption
Fuel flow = fuel(lb)/time
• Given TAS, magnetic variation, magnetic course, and true wind use a CR- Flight computer to calculate drift correction, magnetic heading, and groundspeed
◦ Align TAS marker with value on outer ring
◦ Place magnetic course above TC marker on inner ring
◦ Rotate inner ring to compensate for given magnetic variation
◦ West - CW
‣ East - CCW
‣ Plot winds on inner ring
◦ Determine crosswind and headwind components
‣ TAS corrected for head/tailwind gives ground speed
◦ Crosswind component on outer ring gives crab angle/drift correction
◦ Magnetic heading corrected for crab angle gives magnetic heading
Identify mission planning information available from the IFR enroute supplement
Airfield data
- Rwy lengths, fuel services, PPR requirements, hazards, etc.
Identify minimum weather requirements for a departure airfield
◦ Departure weather must allow for an emergency return approach to the duty runway
◦ Precision approach - published mins, no less than 200-1/2
◦ Non precision approach - published mins, no less than 300-1
Identify minimum weather requirements for an destination airfield
◦ For planning, destination weather does not have requirements, but it determines alternate requirements
◦ To actually land, absolute minimums are 200-1/2
Identify weather items from DD-175-1 required for jet log calculations
Climb winds, cruise winds, delta T, and OAT
Identify distance for one leg of a given jet log
“DIST” column
Identify time, fuel, and distance required to climb for a given jet log
Top left of jet log
Identify long range cruise IAS, TAS, and fuel flow for a given jet log
Long range TAS and fuel flow are found on the top right corner
Identify fuel remaining in HR+MIN for the alternate “fuel” block on a given jet log
EFR from planned destination converted to hr+min using cruise fuel flow
Identify OPNAV 3710 requirements for reserve fuel
◦ 115 lbs for minimum of 20 min
◦ May be more based on local SOP
◦ T-6B min fuel = 200
‣ Or 10% total fuel, whichever is greater
Identify correct entry for the DD-175 proposed departure time
Written in UTC, no “Z”
Identify correct entry for the DD-175 route a flight for a given STAR
◦ The coded identifier of the STAR should be placed after the transition fix
◦ Last entry in route of flight section
Identify correct entry for the DD-175 route of flight for a given route
◦ First point should be the planned navigational aid or fix for entering the enroute structure
◦ Clearly define the route using navigate identifiers, fixes and radials, airways, intersections, and RNAV waypoints
◦ Absence of an airway between fixes indicates direct leg
Identify correct entry for the DD-175 ETE
◦ HR+MIN
◦ Takeoff to last fix in route of flight section
Identify significance of a published minimum enroute altitude (MEA)
◦ Indicated along route, top number
◦ Ensures acceptable NAVAID reception and provides 1000’ obstacle clearance between fixes
Identify significance of a published minimum obstruction clearance altitude (MOCA)
◦ Indicated on route, bottom number with an asterisk
◦ Provides 1000’ obstacle clearance but only ensures NAVAID reception within 22 NM of a station
Identify significance of a published minimum reception altitude (MRA)
◦ Indicated by a flag with an R in it
◦ The lowest altitude at which an intersection can be determined
◦ The lowest altitude required to receive adequate signals to determine specific VOR and TACAN fixes
Identify significance of a published minimum crossing altitude (MCA)
◦ Indicated by a flag with an X in it
◦ The lowest altitude at certain radio fixes at which an aircraft must cross when proceeding in the direction of a higher MEA
Identify the NAVAID changeover point for a given segment of an IFR enroute chart
◦ Indicated by a “dogleg” symbol
◦ Numbers indicate DME to each station
Identify situation requiring an in-flight change of flight plan
◦ Weather
◦ Traffic
◦ NAVAID outages
◦ Destination change
Identify in-flight publication containing formats for changes to flight plans
IFR supplement section II
Identify items contained in a compulsory IFR position report
◦ Indicated by filled triangle ◦ Aircraft identification ◦ Position ◦ Time ◦ Altitude ◦ Next report point ◦ Time at next point ◦ Name of next next point
Identify correct route of flight to fly in lost communication situation
◦ A - assigned route
◦ V - vectored route
◦ E - expected route
◦ F - filed route
Identify correct altitude to fly in lost communication situation
◦ A - assigned altitude
◦ M - minimum altitude (MEA)
◦ E - expected altitude
◦ fly highest if these in lost comms
Identify in-flight publication containing format for a PIREP
FIH SECTION C
Identify in-flight publication containing PMSV frequencies and services
FIH SECTION C or IFR supplement
Identify correct entry for the DD-175 AIRCRAFT DESG AND TD CODE for the T6B
TEX2/G
