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intro to opto > Instruments In Optometric Practice Midterm > Flashcards

Instruments In Optometric Practice Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

-Also known as “OPHTHALMOMETER”.
-DIAGNOSTIC MEASURING THE CURVATURE OF THE (FRONT):ANTERIOR SURFACE OF THE CORNEA, MAINLY FOR ASSESSING THE EXTENT AND AXIS OF ASTIGMATISM.
-CURVATURE OF FRONT CORNEA
-KERATOCONUS

A

-KERATOMETER

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2
Q

used to obtain an objectives (x response px) measurements of the refractive error (EOR) of a patient’s eyes.
-subject response

A

-RETINOSCOPE

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3
Q

USED IN (RESPONSE)SUBJECTIVE REFRACTION IN ORDER TO IDENTIFY THE EOR OF THE PATIENT

A

-TRIAL LENS AND FRAME

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4
Q
  • OPHTHALMIC DEVICE USED IN SUBJECTIVE REFRACTION.
    -IT CONTAINS DIFFERENT LENSES USED TO MEASURE AN INDIVIDUALS REFRACTIVE ERROR AND DETERMINE OF EYEGLASSES PRESCRIPTION
A

PHOROPTER

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5
Q

USED IN A EYE EXAMINATION TO PROVIDE AN OBJECTIVE MEASUREMENTS OF A. INDIVIDUALS REFRACTIVE ERRORS.
Estimation amount EOR

A

-AUTO-REFRACTOR
AUTOKERATOREFRACTOMETER

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6
Q

USED BY THE OPTOMETRIST AND OPTICIANS TO VERIFY THE PRESCRIPTION IN PAIR OF EYEGLASSES, TO ORIENT AND MARK AN UNCUT LENS.

A

LENSMETER

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7
Q

-USED TO DETERMINE THE SMALLEST LETTERS YOU CAN READ ON A STANDARDIZED CHART.

A

-VISUAL ACUITY CHART/PROJECTOR
-TUMBLING E CHART

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8
Q

-USE TO SEE INSIDE THE FUNDUS OF THE EYE (INSIDE OF THE EYE) AND ITS STRUCTURES SUCH AS OPTIC DISK,MACULA,VEINS AND ARTERIES ETC.
-CRYSTALLINE LENS->CATARACT

A

Ophthalmoscope

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9
Q

-IS A MICROSCOPE WITH A BRIGHT LIGHT USED DURING AN EYE EXAM.
-IT GIVES A CLOSER LOOK AT THE DIFFERENT STRUCTURES AT THE FRONT OF THE EYE AND INSIDE THE EYE
-IT’S A KEY TOOL IN DETERMINING THE HEALTH OF YOUR EYES AND DETECTING EYE DISEASE.
-CONTACT LENS (FLAT,STEEP,IDEA)
-DRY EYES ASSESSMENT
-internal and external

A

SLIT LAMP

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10
Q

-USED TO MEASURE ALL AREAS OF YOUR EYESIGHT MAINLY YOUR CENTRAL AND PERIPHERAL VISION (,SIDE VISION)
-VISUAL FIELD TEST IS AN EYE EXAMINATION THAT CAN DETECT DYSFUNCTION IN CENTRAL AND PERIPHERAL VISION.

A

VISUAL FIELD INSTRUMENT
(EX: END-STAGE GLAUCOMA->TUNNEL VISION

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11
Q

USED TEST FOR COLOR VISION.
-USED IN TESTING COLOR VISION.
-SCREENING->PRESENCE OR ABSENCE C.V.D (1,OR 2 MISTAKES)

A

ISHIHARA PLATES

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12
Q
  • IS USED TO PROVIDE A DETAILED ANALYSIS OF COLOR DEFIENCY. TO IDENTIFY ON WHAT DEFIENCY HAS THE PATIENT HAS.
A

-D-15 FARNSWORTH (confirm cvd + identify the type.)

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13
Q

Red color deficiency

A

RED PROTANOMALY

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14
Q

GREEN COLOR DEFIENCY

A

Green DEUTERANOMALY

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15
Q

BLUE COLOR DEFIENCY

A

BLUE TRITANOMALY

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16
Q

The 3 kinds of deficiency

A

PROTANOMALY
DEUTERANOMALY
TRITANOMALY
-OPIA=COLOR BLINDNESS-ABSENT
-MALY=COLOR DEFIENCY-PRESENT

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17
Q

-also known as “Synoptopher” it is an instrument designed to develop the fusion faculty of a patient.

A

AMBLYSCOPE

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18
Q

3 FUSION TEST USED IN SYNOPTOPHORE

A

1.SIMULTANEOUS PERCEPTION
2.FLAT FUSION
3.STEREOPSIS-(3-D VISION)
l>depth perception -judge distance of objects
(Binocular vision)

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19
Q

USED IN MEASURING OCULAR ALIGNMENT
-STRABISMUS,PHORIA

A

PRISM BARS

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20
Q

USED FOR ASSESSING A PATIENT’S DEGREE OF BINOCULAR VISION

A

Worth 4-Dot

21
Q

-IS A TEST USED TO CHECK FOR STEREOSCOPIC DEPTH PERCEPTION AT ANY AGE LEVEL.
-IT CAN MEASURE HOW TWO EYES CAN DISCERN THE DIFFERENCE IN THE DISTANCE OF OBJECTS FROM THE OBSERVER.

A

Stereo fly test

22
Q

-are contact lens made of gas- permeable materials that allow oxygen to reach the cornea.
-they correct refractive errors, including astigmatism.
10mm to 12mm

A

HARD CONTACT LENS

23
Q

This is AN EXAMPLE OF HARD CONTACT LENS WHICH ALLOWS OXYGEN TO PASS THROUGH THE LENS.

A

RGP “RIGID GAS PERMEABLE”

24
Q

-SOFT(SILICON HYDROGEL) CONTACT LENS VERY FLEXIBLE PLASTIC IS THAT ABSORB WATER .
-SOFT LENSES ARE MORE FRAGILE AND REQUIRE MORE INTENSIVE CLEANING.
-14mm (larger than cornea dimmeter)

A

SOFT CONTACT LENS

25
Q

-THESE ARE PRISMS USED TO MEASURE THE DEGREE OF MISALIGNMENT.

A

MEASURING PRISM

26
Q

Visually impaired patients

A

LOW VISION AIDS

27
Q

ROP

A

Retinopathy of prematurity

28
Q

-IT IS AN OPTICAL DEVICE USED FOR VIEWING DETAILS OF AN OBJECT OR WORDS WITH THE USE OF MAGNIFICATION.
-THESE ARE WIDELY USED OR PROVIDED TO LOW VISION

A

MAGNIFIERS

29
Q

-IT IS AN OPTICAL DEVICE USED FOR SPECIFIC WORKING DISTANCE OR SIMPLY LOOKING AT FAR.
-IT CAN BE FOCUSABLE OR FIX FOCUS.

A

TELESCOPIC AIDS

30
Q

-IT IS ONE OF THE EXAMPLE FOR THIS WHERE IT IS MOUNTED THROUGH THE SPECTACLE LENS

A

BIOPTIC TELESCOPE

31
Q

-An infection of the sebaceous glands
-the base of eyelashes

A

STYE

32
Q

-TENDERNESS PAIN
-REDNESS IN THE AFFECTED AREA
-SWELLING
-WATERING OF THE EYE
-SENSITIVITY TO LIGHT (PHOTOPHOBIA)
-discomfort during blinking
-YELLOWISH BUMP DEVELOPS IN THE AFFECTED AREA

A

STYE

33
Q

-SWELLING IN THE EYELID
-SENSITIVITY TO LIGHT
-INCREASED TEARING

A

CHALAZION

34
Q

-REDNESS OF THE EYE
-ITCHING & IRRITATION OF THE EYELIDS
-FLAKY DEBRIS AT THE LASH MARGINS
-GRITTY (SANDY) SENSATION

A

BLEPHARITIS

35
Q

-REDNESS & PAIN AROUND THE EYE
-SENSITIVITY TO LIGHT & WIND
-SAGGING SKIN AROUND THE EYE
-EXCESSIVE TEARING
-DECREASED VISION ESP IF CORNEA IS DAMAGED
-VERY UNCOMFORTABLE BEC LASHES RUB AGAINST THE CORNEA CONSTANTLY

A

ENTROPION

36
Q

-REDNESS AND PAIN AROUND
-PX EXPERIENCE DRY EYE SINCE LOWER LID SAGS & EXPOSES THE EXTERNAL EYE MORE

A

ECTROPION

37
Q

-ITCHINESS
-DISCOMFORT
-PRICKING PAIN ON CORNEA

A

TRICHIASIS

38
Q

-INFECTION FROM BACTERIA OR VIRUS
-MOST COMMONLY DUE TO AN ALLERGIC REACTION
SIGN & SYMPTOMS
-RED EYES DUE TO ENGORGED BV
-IF BACTERIAL +FOR EXUDATES
-IF VIRAL WATERY APPEARANCE

A

CONJUNCTIVITIS

39
Q

CONDITON:
-OCCURS WHEN LPS (LEVATOR PALPEBRAE SUPERIOR MUSCLE) IS NOT STRONG ENOUGH
-DAMAGE/TRAUMA TO THE
-MUSCLE WHICH RAISES THE EYELID OR THE NERVE WHICH CONTROLS THIS MUSCLE.

A

PTOSIS

40
Q

CONDITION:
-VITAMIN A DEFIENCY
SIGN & SYMPTOMS
-SUPERFICIAL IRREGULARLY-SHAPED,FOAMY GRAY OR WHITE PATCHES THAT APPEARS ON THE CONJUNCTIVA.

A

XEROPTHALMIA

41
Q

CONDITION:
-UNKNOWN
-BUT MORE COMMON IN PEOPLE W/EXCESS OR PROLONGED EXPOSURE TO SUN,DUST SAND ETC
SIGN& SYMPTOMS:
-PAINLESS
-MAY BECOME INFLAMED
-DRY EYES BURNING SENSATION

A

PTERYGIUM

42
Q

-PAIN
-PHOTPHOBIA (SENSITIVITY TO LIGHT)
-FOREIGN BODY SENSATION
-REFLEX PRODUCTION OF TEARS
-CONJUNCTIVAL INJECTION

A

CORNEAL ABRASION

43
Q

-CROSS EYES OR SQUINTING
-DEVIATED EYES
-SOMETIME EVI-DENT WHEN THERE GLARE

A

STRABISMUS

44
Q

CONDITION:
-Retinal detachment
-CATARACTS
SIGN & SYMPTOMS
-WHITE PUPILS

A

LEUKOCORIA

45
Q

UNEQUAL PUPIL SIZES

A

ANISOCORIA
(NORMAL SIZE ROUND IN EYE 4.0 TO 4.5MM

46
Q

WHITE GRAY DEPOSIT ENCIRCLING THE LIMBAL AREA

A

ARCUS SENILIS

47
Q

Loss of lashes

A

MADAROSIS

48
Q

IS ONE OF THE MOST COMMONLY USED CHARTS DURING REFRACTION.

A

Snellen chart

intro to opto (9 decks)

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