Instruments I Flashcards
FIH
Flight Information Handbook
GP
General Planning
TPP
Terminal Procedures Publication
TCN
Terminal Change Notice
PCN
Planning Change Notice
ECN
Enroute Change notice
UCN
Urgent Change Notice
IFR ELA
IFR Enroute Low Altitude
TLA
Terminal Low Altitude
OROCA
Off Route Obstruction Clearance Altitude
OROCA - Obstruction Clearance Height Buffers:
- Non mountains Areas
- Mountains Areas
- 1000 ft
- 2000 ft
MEA
Minimum Enroute Altitude
MOCA
Minimum Obstruction Clearance Altitude
MAA
Maximum Altitude Authorized
MCA
Minimum Crossing Altitude
MTA
Minimum Turning Altitude
During 2-way radio failure in IFR, what is the proper altitude to fly for any given leg?
- Last flight level cleared by ATC
- Minimum altitude for IFR operations
FIH Section C
METAR Information
Transponder Code 7777
Intercepter aircraft on active air defense mission without ATC clearence
IFR supplement:
The Letter A after an airport 4 letter identifier indicates that it is a _______.
U.S. Army Airport
IFR supplement:
The letter B under the airport indicates:
Rotating beacon is not available
PAPI
Precission Approach Path Indicator
What is the highest altitude you can fly when using a ELA chart?
18,000 ft MSL
Regarding the ELA charts on the small world map, what does the black and green city names mean?
Black - Major traffic hubs for which area charts are available
Green - To assist you in orientation and selection of the appropriate chart
Regarding ELA charts:
The length of the longest rwy at any airport is given to the nearest ____ ft with ____ ft as a breaking point
100, 70
Define Attitude Instrument Flying
Control of an aircraft’s spatial position by using instruments rather than outside visual references
Control and Performance Method
Aircraft performance is achieved by controlling the aircraft attitude and power
Control Instruments
Changes are displayed immediately and allow precise adjustments
Performance Instruments
Indicate the aircraft’s actual performance
Pitch Instruments
- Airspeed Indicator
- Attitude Indicator
- Altimeter
- Vertical Speed Indicator
Bank Instruments
- Attitude Indicator
- Heading Indicator
- Turn and Slip Indicator
- Magnetic Compass
Power Instruments
- Airspeed Indicator
- Torque Indicaton
Fundamental pilot skills are:
- Cross-Check
- Instrument Interpretation
- Aircraft Control
Common Cross-check Errors:
- Fixation
- Omission
- Emphasis
Formula for Standard Rate Turn
TAS / 10 + 1/2 of result
Definition of Standard Rate Turn
3° per second
Two IFR turns
Normal - Standard Rate Turns
Steep - Anything greater than Standard Rate Turn
Unusual Attitude
Any maneuver not required for normal helicopter instrument flight
Unusual Recover Attitude
- Attitude
- Heading
- Torque
- Airspeed
- Altitude
- Trim
Two Elements of Helicopter Control
Attitude and Power
Small heading change (less than 20°) should use a ____ Standard Rate Turn
Half
What is the basis for helicopter control during instrument flight?
Proper Instrument Interpretation
Generally for straight-and-level flight what are the primary instruments for helicopter:
- Pitch
- Bank
- Power
Pitch - Altimeter
Bank - Heading
Power - Airspeed Indicator
Basis for Helicopter Control
Proper Instrument Interpretation
Navigation Instruments
Indicates aircraft position in relation to navigation facilities
Primary Instruments
Provide the most pertinent and essential information
Supporting Instruments
Back up and supplement the primary instruments
When are NOTAMS required to be checked and by whom?
By the PC before every flight in army aircraft.
2 Types of Navigation
- Space Based Navigation
- Ground Based Navigation
What is Space Based Navigation?
Navigation system that provides highly accurate 3D navigation information to an infinite number of users anywhere on and around the earth.
(GPS)
GPS is composed of what 3 major segments?
- Space segment
- Control segment
- User segment
How many satellites is necessary for a precise navigation signal?
4
GPS Status Information is available in what 3 ways?
Telephone
Internet
NOTAMs
How often must an Army aircraft GPS database be checked for currency?
Before every flight
What is Ground Based Navigation?
Navigation aided by VOR (VHF Omnidirectional Range)
Standard Service Volume
The restriction limits of unrestricted NAVAIDs used for random unpublished navigation, and does not apply to published flight routes or procedures.
WAAS
Wide Area Augmentation system
FAF
Final Approach Fix
4 Classes for VOR’s
(T) Terminal
(L) Low Altitude
(HA) High Altitude
(U) Unknown
Range (SSV) of a Low Altitude VOR 1,000ft to 18,000ft
40 NM
Accuracy of the VOR Ground Transmitter
Generally +/- 1°
GNSS
Global Navigation Satelite System
Ground Based Navigation
VOR
Localizer
NDB
Signals that emit from VOR’s
Radials
Define Course
The direction you must take to get where you are going
Range (SSV) of a Terminal VOR 1,000ft to 12,000ft
25NM
Range (SSV) of a High Altitude VOR 1,000ft to 14,500ft
40NM
Regarding the RMI, the head of the needle points towards:
The NAVAID source
Regarding the RMI, the tail of the needle points towards
The NAVAID radial
Homing
Adjust aircraft heading as necessary to keep the bearing pointer under the top index
HSI is what?
Horizontal Situation Indicator
Initial Trial
30° < 90 kts
20° => 90 kts
Wind drift correction: “Bracketing process”
Continue until a heading is determined that maintains AC course.
Note concerning “Wind drift correction”
All degrees described in wind “drift correction” is degrees of heading from the desired track course.
Full deflection on the CDI for Localizer
2.5NM (1.25NM per circle)
Full deflection on the CDI for VOR
10° (5° per circle)
