Instruments And Equipment Flashcards
Items are approved in accordance with
European technical standards orders (ETSO)
Some items do not need formal EU OPs approval
Master min equip list
List established for a particular a/c type by the manufacturer - approved by the state of design
Specifies which items are permitted to be unserviceable for the remainder of the flight
MEL
Min equip list created by the operator from the MMEL - the same or more restrictive
Must be approved by the authority
When the MMEL is amended ….
To become more stringent/CAA req an immediate change of the MEL - operators are allowed 30 days from the date of notification
All other cases - allowed 90 days
Circuit protection devices
Need the carriage of spare fuses
At least 10% of the number of fuses of each rating or 3 of each whichever is the greater
Windshield wipers
A/c over MTOM 5700kg req these or equiv
A/c operating lights by night req
Navigation/ posn lights
2 l/d lights or a single light with separate filaments
White light indicates
Overtaking/ needs to be over taken
Min flight equip - VFR
Basic 6 instruments + mag compass
Clock, OAT gauge in Celsius
Headset with boom mic for each flight crew
If 2 pilots - duplicate basic 6 but only 1 mag compass and clock req
Heated pitot for a/c with a MTOM of over 5700kg and over 9 seats
Min flight equip night and IFR
2 sensitive pressure altimeters ASI with heated pitot tube and warning of heated failure 2 independent static pressure systems Chart holder Transmit button on the control wheel Mach meter if req
Night and IFR - MTOM is greater than 5700kg/ >9 seats what do you req
Additional s/by attitude indicator useable from wither pilots station with 30 mins independent power
Min equip for single pilot IFR
Must have an autopilot with at least alt hold and HDG hold
Altitude alerting system and what is it req for
Turboprops - >5700kg, more than 9 seats
All turbojets
Must alert flight crew upon approaching a preselected alt by at least an aural signal when deviating above or below a preselected alt
GPWS/TAWS is req for
> 5700kg or >9 pax seats
ACAS 2
Req for all a/c with MTOM >5700kg or >19 seats
Gives RAs
Radio altimeter is req on
A/c with MTOM >27 000kg
Airborne wx radar equip is req for
All pressurised a/c and unpressurised a/c with >5700kg or >9 seats
A/c with >15,000kg or >19seats must be and it must
Equipped with a crew inter-phone system
Must b e independent of the cabin PA system and provide 2 way comms between f/d and cabin
PA system req
Every a/c >19 seats must have a PA system
Must be clearly audible in the cabin inc toilet
CVR what does it record
Flight deck comms on a/c, interphone and PA system
RT transmitted and received
Voice or audio signals for nav aid ident
Aural environment on f/d
CVR req and timing
> 5700kg = 2 hours
ME turbine < 5700kg = 30 mins
FDR req
Must record for 25 hours
Must operate automatically
Stop after a/c cant move under its own power
If there is an accident - FDR should be kept for
A min of 60 days unless its req by the authorities
When to have a internal door to the f/d
All a/c >19 seats
Must have a door between pax compartment and the f/d compartment
Must be placarded
First aid kit req
First number then add 1
E.g 101 to 200 = 2
Emergency medical kits
Req for a/c >30 seats - if routing > 60 mins flying time from qualified assistance
Must make sure drugs are not administered expect by qualified personnel
First aid oxygen req
Req for pressurised a/c operating above 25 000ft
Needs to have suffice to oxygen for - remainder of the flight after cabin depressurisation is greater than 8000 but less than 15000ft
2% of PAX and at least 1 person
At least 2 dispensing units
Supplementary oxygen
Req above 10,000ft
Assumed a/c will descend in accordance with emerg procedures to a safe alt
Min o2 supply for flight crew use
2 hrs
Operating above 25,000ft = quick donning masks
Not above 25,000 ft - enough o2 to supply 10mins descent from max operating alt and 20mins at 10,000
Above 25,000ft - enough to supply 10mins descent from max operating alt and 110mins at 10,000ft
02 masks will drop at
14,000ft
PBE req
Req for a/c >5700kg or >19 seats
O2 for 15mins - each flight crew member while on duty
Must be easily accessible - outside cargo compartment
Hand fire extinguishers
7 to 30 = 1
31 to 200 = 2 - one of these needs to be BCF
61 to 200 = 3
Goes up by 1 per 100PAX and must have at least 2 BCF
Must have at least 1 on the f/d so for 400 pax = 5 BCF in the cabin and 1 in the f/d = 3 BCF req
Fire axe/crowbar
Req for all a/c >5700kg or >9pax seats
At least 1 on f/d
A/c with >200 seats - must have one in the rear galley
Escape chute req
If the exit is more than 1.83 m above the ground with gear down after collapse or failure - req a chute
Megaphones
61 to 99 = 1
100 or more = 2
Emergency lighting
Req for a/c > 9 pax seats + powered from an independent source
> 19 seats - internal lighting at floor level
- illuminated exit signs
At night - need to illuminate externally the exit
ELT req
Shall operate on 121.5 or 406 for SATs
Before July 2008
19 or less = 1 ELT
More than 19 = 1 automatic ELT or 2 of any type
After July 2008
19 or less = 1 automatic ELT
More than 19 = 2 ELTs with one being auto
Life jacket req
Req when flying
> 50 miles from the coast
Or
Whenever t/o or aprch is over a significant body of water
Life raft req
For a/c operating at a distance greater than 120mins cruising speed or 400nm from land - whichever is the LESSER
Also req for a/c when >30mins cruising speed or 100nm whichever is the LESSER
Must carry a sufficient amount of life rafts that if the largest life raft fails - others can still carry the PAX
Additional survival equip is not req
If close to an area where SAR is not especially difficult
- within 120mins 1 eng inop cruise speed or 30 mins cruise speed for all other a/c
CS 25 - 90 mins cruise speed from an emergency l/d
Seaplane req
Sea anchor plus other mooring equip and a maritime sound signal
2 separate radio systems ….
Must have independent antennae or equivalent
Req comms and nav equip for VFR and IFR
VFR - radio for ground comms - must be capable of receiving met info
IFR - equip suitable for route being flown 2 independent radios SSR transponder - at least mode C ILS marker system comply with any RNP
Nav equip - MNPS airspace
Not approved to fly inside unless a/c is fitted with nav equip meeting the MNPS - described in the ICAO supplementary procedures
Must be visible and useable either pilot
2 LRNs for unrestricted
2 independent alt measurement systems
An alt alerting system, automatic alt control system
