Innate/ Adaptive Immunity

Question 1

What is the response time of the innate adaptive system?

Answer 1

seconds/ minutes/ hours

Question 2

What is the response time of the adaptive immune system?

Answer 2

days (5-6 +)

Question 3

Why is the adaptive immune response considered highly diverse?

Answer 3

adapts to improve response

Question 4

What is the specificity of the innate immune system?

Answer 4

limited/ fixed

Question 5

What is the innate response to repeat infection?

Answer 5

same after each exposure (cold)

Question 6

What is the adaptive response to repeat infection?

Answer 6

more rapid/ effective after each exposure

Question 7

What kind of immunity involves both humoral and cell-mediated (B/T) immunity?

Answer 7

Adaptive immunity

Question 8

What are the major components of Innate immunity?

Answer 8

barriers/ phagocytes/ PRRs/ receptors

Question 9

What are the major components of Adaptive immunity?

Answer 9

B+T lymphocytes/ Antigen-Specific Receptors/ Antibodies

Question 10

What is the “first line of defence”?

Answer 10

Innate immune responses

Question 11

What is a pro/con with Innate immune system?

Answer 11

fast but nonspecific

Question 12

What are the humoral/ cell-mediated responses both examples of?

Answer 12

Adaptive immunity

Question 13

Why is adaptive immunity specific?

Answer 13

uses randomly generated antigen receptors

Question 14

What are 2 important signal molecules produced by the activation of Innate immune responses?

Answer 14

Cytokines/ Chemokines

Question 15

What are 2 molecules produced by innate responses that stimulate/ direct adaptive immune responses?

Answer 15

cytokines/ chemokines = signal molecules

Question 16

What is the hallmark of adaptive immunity?

Answer 16

Memory

Question 17

What is initiated upon first exposure to an antigen?

Answer 17

Primary Response

Question 18

What is left behind after an antigen is cleared?

Answer 18

Memory lymphocytes

Question 19

What is initiated upon second exposure to the same antigen that stimulates memory lymphocytes?

Answer 19

Secondary Response

Question 20

Is there any memory in innate immunity?

Answer 20

no

Question 21

What are the 2 broad categories of immune system dysfunction?

Answer 21

Immunodeficiency/ Overly active responses

Question 22

What are allergies/ asthma an example of?

Answer 22

overly active/ misdirected immune responses

Question 23

What are autoimmune diseases an example of?

Answer 23

overly active/ misdirected immune responses

Question 24

What is Multiple Sclerosis an example of?M

Answer 24

Autoimmune disease

Question 25

What is Crohn’s disease an example of?

Answer 25

Autoimmune disease

Question 26

What are the 2 types of Immunodeficiencies?

Answer 26

Primary (genetic)/ Secondary (aquired)

Question 27

What is the loss of immune function (genetic/ acquired) called?

Answer 27

Immunodeficiency

Question 28

What is a case we want to avoid an immune response?

Answer 28

Transplants- rejection (foreign tissue)

Question 29

What is a case we want to target self-cells?

Answer 29

Cancer

Question 30

Why are cancer cells hard to generate immunity against?

Answer 30

Tolerated cells

Question 31

What are commensal organisms that live in + on us/ cause no harm?

Answer 31

Microbiome

Question 32

What can dysbiosis/ imbalance of the microbiome lead to?

Answer 32

Immune Overstimulation- Inflammation

Question 33

What are some factors that can contribute to dysbiosis of the microbiome?

Answer 33

dietary changes/ environmental factors (stress)