injury prevention and rehabilitation

Question 1

acute injuries

Answer 1

injuries that occur in an instant
•fracture
•dislocation
•strain
•sprain

Question 2

chronic injuries

Answer 2

injuries that occur over an extended period of time (sometimes referred to as overuse injuries)
•tendonitis
•stress fracture

Question 3

hard tissue injuries

Answer 3

Injury, pain or physical damage to the solid structures of the Musculo-skeletal system (bones, cartilage).

Examples:
Fracture
Stress Fracture
Dislocation
Meniscus Tear

Question 4

soft tissue injuries

Answer 4

Injury, pain or physical damage to the softer structures of the Musculo-skeletal system (muscles, tendons, ligaments).
Examples:
•Tear
•Strain
•Sprain

Question 5

concussion

Answer 5

• A type of traumatic brain injury caused by a bump,blow or jolt to the head or the body that causes the head and brain to move rapidly back and forth
• this sudden movement causes the brain to bounce around or twist cresting chemical changes on the brain

Question 6

intrinsic risk factors

Answer 6

•Physical make up
•Posture
•Inadequate range of movement at each joint
•Inadequate nutrition
•Lack of recovery time
•Strength imbalances

Question 7

extrinsic risk factors

Answer 7

•Improper technique
•Incorrect clothing/footwear
•Rapid overload in training
•Overuse/inadequate variance in training
•Inadequate warm-up or cool down

Question 8

SALTAPS

Answer 8

•See – acknowledge that an injury has occurred and ensure no further damage can take place by stopping the game.

•Ask – question the injured person about the nature and location of the injury.

•Look – for signs of injury based on answers received. Bruising, abnormal lumps, swelling should be taken into consideration. A comparison with non-injured limb can help.

•Touch – palpate the injury to assess level of pain.

•Active – can the injured player move the area unaided.

•Passive – if active phase is successful try to move the area through a full range of motion

•Strength – assess strength with resistance from assessor or bearing weight on leg.

Question 9

6 Rs of concussion

Answer 9

RECOGNISE the nature and the severity of the concussion by performing simple visual tests.

REMOVE the player from the pitch / court to avoid any further injury.

REFER the injured player MUST be seen by a trained medical professional (i.e. Physio/Ambulance /Doctor).

REST the appropriate time away from the sport as advised by medical professionals to allow full recovery should be adhered to.

RECOVER the player should be regularly assessed to monitor the speed and effectiveness of recovery.

RETURN the player should follow a graduated return to play protocol.

Question 10

Common treatment for acute soft tissue injuries

Answer 10

•PROTECT the area from any further injury by removing the player from the site and isolating the injury.

•REST the area for at least 2-3 days to allow for the initial healing process to take place.

•ICE the injury for 15 minutes every 2 hours to reduce swelling.

•COMPRESS the area with a bandage to limit the spread of the swelling.

•ELEVATE the injury above the heart to further limit the swelling of the area.

Question 11

rehabilitation definition

Answer 11

The process of regaining full function of the injured area.

Question 12

rehabilitation stages

Answer 12

Early Stage – gentle exercise – encourage healing

Mid Stage – progressive overloading of the affected area to develop strength

Late Stage – functional exercises and drills to enable player to return to full time training