Energy Systems

Question 1

ATP-PC equations

Answer 1

ATP —(ATPase)—> ADP + Pi + energy

PC —(creatine kinase)—> C + Pi + energy

ADP + Pi + energy —> ATP

Question 2

ATP-PC type of reaction

Answer 2

anaerobic

Question 3

ATP-PC site of reaction

Answer 3

sarcoplasm in the muscles

Question 4

food fuel used for ATP-PC

Answer 4

creatine phosphate

Question 5

ATP yield for ATP-PC system

Answer 5

1:1

Question 6

byproducts for ATP-PC system

Answer 6

none

Question 7

intensity & duration of ATP-PC system

Answer 7

•high intensity
•around 10s

Question 8

advantages of ATP-PC system

Answer 8

•provides ATP re-synthesis very quickly because PC stored in muscles.
•no need for 02 as its anerobic.
•can provice energy for high intensity activity.
•PC re - synthesises quickly so recovery type is small.
•no harmful byproducts.

Question 9

disadvantages of ATP-PC system

Answer 9

•PC storage in muscles is limited
•only provides energy for 10 - 12 5
•low energy output from input: 1 Molecule of PC produces 1 molecule of ATP

Question 10

enzymes used in ATP-PC

Answer 10

•atpase
•creatine kinase

Question 11

glycolytic system equation

Answer 11

•glycogen (muscle/liver) —(GPP) —> glucose —(PFK)—> pyruvic acid —(LDH)—> lactic acid

•pyruvic acid —> energy —> 2 ATP

Question 12

type of reaction in glycolytic system

Answer 12

anaerobic

Question 13

glycolytic system site of reaction

Answer 13

sarcoplasm

Question 14

food fuel used in glycolytic system

Answer 14

glucose

Question 15

enzymes in glycolytic

Answer 15

•GPP
•PFK
•LDH

Question 16

glycolytic system atp yield

Answer 16

1 glycogen : 2 ATP

Question 17

by product of glycolytic system

Answer 17

lactic acid

Question 18

intensity and duration of glycolytic system

Answer 18

•high intensity
•20s to 3minutes

Question 19

advantages of glycolytic system

Answer 19

•doesn’t require any oxygen
•works for high intensity activity
•yield is better than ATP-PC system
•lasts longer than ATP-PC
•due to high stores of glycogen the system can provides more energy for resynthesis.

Question 20

disadvantages of glycolytic system

Answer 20

•produces lactic acid
•denatures enzymes due to lactic acid production
•short duration

Question 21

aerobic system stages

Answer 21

1. glycolysis
   2.krebs cycle
   3.electron transport chain

Question 22

glycolysis equation for aerobic system

Answer 22

•glycogen (muscle/liver) —(GPP) —> glucose —(PFK)—> pyruvic acid + coenzyme A —> Acetyl coenzyme A

•pyruvic acid —> energy —> 2 ATP

Question 23

kreb cycle

Answer 23

• acetyle coenzyme A + oxaloacetic acid —> citric acid

1.co2 is produced and removed
2. hydrogen atoms are produced
3. 2 ATP
4. regeneration of oxaloacetic acid

Question 24

electron transport chain

Answer 24

•in cristace of mitochondria
• H + NAD & FAD = NADH + FADH (hydrogen carriers)
• e- + ETC —> 34 ATP: hydrogen electrons release energy to re-synthesise ATP
• h+ + ETC —> H20: hydrogen ions are oxidised and are removed as water

Question 25

site of reaction aerobic system

Answer 25

sarcoplasm, mitochondria and cristae in the mitochondria

Question 26

aerobic system type of reaction

Answer 26

aerobic

Question 27

aerobic system food fuel used

Answer 27

glucose

Question 28

aerobic system enzymes

Answer 28

•GPP
•PFK
•coenzyme A
•lipase

Question 29

aerobic system ATP yield

Answer 29

1:38 ATP

Question 30

by-products of aerobic system

Answer 30

•co2
•water

Question 31

intensity and duration of aerobic system

Answer 31

low intensity long duration

Question 32

strengths of aerobic system

Answer 32

•38 ATP in entire system
•potentially infinite
•works for low intensity long duration

Question 33

disadvantages of aerobic system

Answer 33

•oxygen is needed so cannot provide energy immediate
•limited to low intensity exercise