Energy Systems Flashcards
ATP-PC equations
ATP —(ATPase)—> ADP + Pi + energy
PC —(creatine kinase)—> C + Pi + energy
ADP + Pi + energy —> ATP
ATP-PC type of reaction
anaerobic
ATP-PC site of reaction
sarcoplasm in the muscles
food fuel used for ATP-PC
creatine phosphate
ATP yield for ATP-PC system
1:1
byproducts for ATP-PC system
none
intensity & duration of ATP-PC system
•high intensity
•around 10s
advantages of ATP-PC system
•provides ATP re-synthesis very quickly because PC stored in muscles.
•no need for 02 as its anerobic.
•can provice energy for high intensity activity.
•PC re - synthesises quickly so recovery type is small.
•no harmful byproducts.
disadvantages of ATP-PC system
•PC storage in muscles is limited
•only provides energy for 10 - 12 5
•low energy output from input: 1 Molecule of PC produces 1 molecule of ATP
enzymes used in ATP-PC
•atpase
•creatine kinase
glycolytic system equation
•glycogen (muscle/liver) —(GPP) —> glucose —(PFK)—> pyruvic acid —(LDH)—> lactic acid
•pyruvic acid —> energy —> 2 ATP
type of reaction in glycolytic system
anaerobic
glycolytic system site of reaction
sarcoplasm
food fuel used in glycolytic system
glucose
enzymes in glycolytic
•GPP
•PFK
•LDH
glycolytic system atp yield
1 glycogen : 2 ATP
by product of glycolytic system
lactic acid
intensity and duration of glycolytic system
•high intensity
•20s to 3minutes
advantages of glycolytic system
•doesn’t require any oxygen
•works for high intensity activity
•yield is better than ATP-PC system
•lasts longer than ATP-PC
•due to high stores of glycogen the system can provides more energy for resynthesis.
disadvantages of glycolytic system
•produces lactic acid
•denatures enzymes due to lactic acid production
•short duration
aerobic system stages
- glycolysis
2.krebs cycle
3.electron transport chain
glycolysis equation for aerobic system
•glycogen (muscle/liver) —(GPP) —> glucose —(PFK)—> pyruvic acid + coenzyme A —> Acetyl coenzyme A
•pyruvic acid —> energy —> 2 ATP
kreb cycle
• acetyle coenzyme A + oxaloacetic acid —> citric acid
1.co2 is produced and removed
2. hydrogen atoms are produced
3. 2 ATP
4. regeneration of oxaloacetic acid
electron transport chain
•in cristace of mitochondria
• H + NAD & FAD = NADH + FADH (hydrogen carriers)
• e- + ETC —> 34 ATP: hydrogen electrons release energy to re-synthesise ATP
• h+ + ETC —> H20: hydrogen ions are oxidised and are removed as water
site of reaction aerobic system
sarcoplasm, mitochondria and cristae in the mitochondria
aerobic system type of reaction
aerobic
aerobic system food fuel used
glucose
aerobic system enzymes
•GPP
•PFK
•coenzyme A
•lipase
aerobic system ATP yield
1:38 ATP
by-products of aerobic system
•co2
•water
intensity and duration of aerobic system
low intensity long duration
strengths of aerobic system
•38 ATP in entire system
•potentially infinite
•works for low intensity long duration
disadvantages of aerobic system
•oxygen is needed so cannot provide energy immediate
•limited to low intensity exercise
