injuries of the knee joint Flashcards
what is the main function of ACL ?
restrains anterior tibial translation and internal knee rotation
what are the causes of ACL tears ?
landing from a jump
pivoting while running
knee over extension
what are the tests used for ACL injury ?
lachmann test
anterior drawer test
what is the treatment for ACL injury ?
arthroscopic ACL surgery
what is the main function of PCL ?
restrains posterior tibial translation and torsional forces
what are the tests for PCL injury ?
posterior drawer test
posterior sag sign
how does MCL injury happen ?
direct blow from the lateral side of the knee , affecting the medial
what are the grrades of MCL tear ?
Grade 1- still intact
Grade 2 - partial tear
Grade 3 - complete tears
what is the functiion of the LCL ?
restrains varus stresses to the knee
varus vs valgus ?
varus - knees away from each other
valgus - knees together
what is the mechanism of injury of LCL ?
varus force
or through internal rotation force
what are the grades of LCL injuries ?
intact LCL
partial tear
complete tear
what type of collagen is associated with thee meniscuses ?
type 1
what is the mechanism of damage in menisceal tears ?
A forceful twist or sudden stop can lead to a tear.
what are the types of meniscceal tears ?
longitudinal tears
radial tear
horizontal tear
