Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ortho > bone and joint infection > Flashcards

bone and joint infection Flashcards

1
Q

what is osteomyelitis ?

A

infection of the bone tissue or bone marrow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are thee types of osteomyelitis ?

A

acute hematogenous
subacute hematogenous
chronic osteomyelitis
post-traumaticc osteomyelitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is the etiology of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis ?

A

mainly a disease of the children
infection usually happens at the metaphysis
through diaphyseal networks in adults
through diaphysis and epiphyseal networks in children

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is the most common causative organism in acute hematogenous osteomyelitis ?

A

staph aureus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are the two fates associated with acute hematogenous osteomyelitis ?

A

resolution and healing
or
chronicity and sinus formation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are the clinical features of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis ?

A

malaise
fever
tenderness over the affected region
pain at rest , worsening with weight bearing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is the best imaging modality for acute hematogenous osteomyelitis ?

A

PET CT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what lab investigations are the most certain for acute hematogenous osteomyelitis ?

A

bone aspirate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

when should a blood sample and culture and sensitivity be done in cases of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis ?

A

if the fever is above 38 degrees

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the management for acute hematogenous osteomyelitis ?

A

appropriate antimicrobial therapy
surgical drainage if required
reset and splintage
supportive treatment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is the problem with using xrays to diagnose acute hematogenous osteomyelitis ?

A

changes are only seen after 2 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is subacute hematogenous osteomyelitis ?

A

a relatively mild pathology
milder form of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis
associated with lower organism virulence or higher resistance iin patient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the most common cause of osteomyelitis in adults ?

A

post traumatic osteomyelitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the mainstay of management of post traumatic osteomyelitis ?

A

prevention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is the presentation of chronic osteomyelitis ?

A

1- Persistently draining sinus tract or wound
2- Soft tissue damage
3- The presence of risk factors such as diabetes and peripheral vascular disease further supports the likelihood of chronic osteomyelitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what arre the diffeerential diagnosis of chronic osteomyelitis ?

A

ewing sarcoma
osteosarcoma

17
Q

what is the aetiology of septic arthritis ?

A

hematogenous spread
direct spread from adjacent bone
direct inoculation

18
Q

what are the risk factors for septic arthritis ?

A

pediatrics
poor nutritional status
diabetes
underlying osteoarthritis
immunocompromised
IV drug abuser

19
Q

what is the most common causative organism of septic arthritis in each of the age groups ?

A

neonates : s. aureus , group b strep, E coli
children : s.aureus , s.pyogenes
adults : s.aureus, streptococci
immunocompromised : s.aureus , mixed infection

20
Q

what is the kocher criteria for determining the risk for pediatric septic joint ?

A

NEWT
non weight bearing
ESR > 40
WBC > 12000
temperature
all 4 ? 99%
3 ? 93%
2 ? 40%
1? 3%

21
Q

what is the treatment for septic arthritis ?

A

open drainage and debridement
arthroscopic lavage
IV antibiotics

22
Q

what is the sequelae for septic arthritis ?

A

resolution
spread
joint destruction

23
Q

what are the criteria for thee diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infections ?

A

sinus tract infection connecting with the prosthesis
or
pathogen isolated by culture from at least 2 separate tissue or fluid samples
or
four of the following criteria :
elevated CRP and ESR
elevated synovial leukocyte count
elevated PMN
presence of purulence in the affected joint
isolation of an organism in the periprosthetic tissue

24
Q

what is the presentation of periprosthetic joint infection ?

A

limitation of movement of a previously sound implant
presence of discharge

25
Q

what is the treatment of periprosthetic joint infection divided into ?

A

early phase (<3 weeks )
one stage revision
two stage revision
salvage

26
Q

what is the treatment for PPJI in the early phase ?

A

DAIR
debridement
antibiotics
implant retention

27
Q

what is the two stage revision in the treatment of PPJI ?

A

1st stage - remove implant , extensive debridement, odd number of samples, insert antibiotics and spacer

2nd stage - remove spacer, new implant, no antibiotic

28
Q

when do we use salvage treatment in PPJI ?

A

persistent infection
sepsis and septicemia

29
Q

what are the steps involved in salvage treatment of PPJI ?

A

implant removal
arthrodesis
resection arthroplasty
amputation

ortho (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions