inhibitors of nucleic acid synthesis Flashcards
sulfonamide MOA
inhibit dihydropteroate syntheatse thus inhibits folic acid production, also needed to make thymine, A, G….thymine made from Uracil
trimethoprim and pyrimethamine inhibit
dihydrofolate reductase, this enzyme “activates” TH4 to be used
SE of trimethoprim and pyrimethamine resebleme
cancer SE sorta like methotrexate
these drugs are used how?
in combo and never alone
trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) uses
nocardia (DOC), listeria (backup), gram + and gram - (E.coli, Shigella, Salmonella, H. flu), fungi P. jiroveci (PCP)
pyrimethamine/sulfadiazine uses
protozoa: Toxoplasmosis gondii, and can be for prophylaxis and Tx
TMP/SMX cidal or static?
cidal
sulfonamides are detox where
liver but can cause renal stones
sulfonamides have high what binding?
protein thus can displace bilirubin from albumin
sulfmonamides SE
hypersensitivity (steven johnsone syndorme/exfoliative dermatitis), hemolysis in G6PD, phototoxicity
trimethoprim/pyrimethamine SE
bone marrow suppression
MOA of quinolones
bacterialcidal, interfere with topoiomerase II and IV thus DNA syn is interrupted
spelling trick to know quinolones
floxacins
quinolones uses
UTI, STD/PID (chlamydia and gonorrhea), skin, soft tissue, bone infectiosn by gram - organisms, diarrhea due to shigella..salmonella…e. coli…campylo bacter, drug resistant pneumococci
why cant quinolones be taken with meal?
they can chelate Ca and Fe thus become inactiviated
quinolones are _____ excreted.
renally
quionolones SE
GI distress, phototox, rashes, tendonitis, tendon rupture, CNS effects, inc. of QT, CI in prego and children
