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Pharmacology > Adrenergics > Flashcards

Adrenergics Flashcards

1
Q

Alpha 1 agonism

A

vasoconstriction, possible reflex bradycardia (due to PANS action independent of drug agonist)

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2
Q

Alpha 1 agonist drugs

A

phenylephrine, methoxamine, oxymethazoline, tetrahydrozoline

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3
Q

Main uses for Alpha 1 agonists

A

cold medication, phenylephrine can be used for shock along with methoxamine (has SE of vagal reflex)

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4
Q

Alpha 2 agonism

A

causes decrease in sympathetic outflow from nerve terminals

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5
Q

Alpha 2 agonist uses

A

mainly for HTN

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6
Q

Alpha 2 agonist drugs

A

clonidine, dexmedetomidine, guanabenz, guanfacine, methyldopa

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7
Q

Beta 1 agonism

A

increase HR, increase contractility, inc. SV, inc. CO

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8
Q

Beta 2 agonism

A

Vasodilate (lower BP),

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9
Q

Isoproterenol MOA

A

act on beta 1 and beta 2

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10
Q

Isoproterenol uses

A

Tx for bronchospasm (thru B2 action), heart block (due to B1 action), bradyarrhytmias (due to B1 action)

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11
Q

Isoproterenol SE

A

flushing, angina, arrythmias

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12
Q

Dobutamine MOA

A

B1 more than B2 action

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13
Q

Dobutamine uses

A

CHF

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14
Q

Selective B2 agonists

A

Salmeterol, Albuterol, Terbutaline

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15
Q

Salmetrol uses

A

prophylaxis to asthma attack due to slow action

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16
Q

Albuterol, Terbutaline use

A

immediate use for asthma

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17
Q

B2 selectives SE

A

palpitations due to the vasodilation

18
Q

way to distinguish Nor-epi from Epi

A

nor-epi does not affect B2 (therefore can NEVER lower BP) while epi does, also EPI is released from the adrenals

19
Q

Dosing changes in receptors with Epi

A

low dose: B1, B2 action
medium dose: B1, B2, A1
High dose: B1, B2, more predominant A1 action w/ reflex bradycardia chance increasing

20
Q

Alpha antagonist actions

A

low total peri. resistance, lower mean BP

21
Q

selective alpha 1 blockers

A

OSIN enders, prazosin, doxazosin, terazosin, tamsulosin

22
Q

non selective alpha blockers

A

phentolamine (competitive), phenoxybenzamine (non-competitive)

23
Q

selective alpha 2 blockers

A

yohimbine, mirtazapine

24
Q

major SE from alpha blockade

A

possible reflex tachy, and renin-angiotensin activation (to inc. BP)

25
Q

which class are used in pheochromocytoma?

A

non-selective alpha blockers, phenoxybenzamine is the DOC

26
Q

selective alpha 1 blocker uses

A

BPH (only relaxes trigone to help bladder empty), HTN

27
Q

Mirtazipine other uses

A

depression and helps stim lbs gain

28
Q

B1 blockade effects

A

dec. HR, dec SV, dec. CO, decrease renin release, dec. aqueous humor production

29
Q

B2 blockade effects

A

precipitate bronchospasm in asthmatics, vasospasm in pt with vasospastic disorders, metabolic effects (decrease gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis) can result in hypoglycemia, can mask hypoglycemia episode due to stopping the hypoglycemia indced tachycardia

30
Q

names A-M means?

A

B1 selective

31
Q

olol means?

A

beta blocker of some kind

32
Q

beta blockers that increase blood lipids

A

atenolol, metoprolol, propranolol, timolol

33
Q

beta 1 selective makes drug safer for…

A

asthmatics, diabetics, people with peri vascular diseases

34
Q

beta blockers with intrinsic sympathomimetic activity..

A

acebutolol (agonist slight to B1), pindolol (agonist slightly to B1, B2)

35
Q

what does intrinsic sympathomimetic mean

A

act as partial agonist to other receptors, allowing for less bradycardia (thru B1), slight vaso or broncho dilation (thru B2), minimal change in plasma lipids (thru B2)

36
Q

which beta blockers don’t have increase lipids associated with it

A

acebutolol, pindolol

37
Q

which beta blockers are sedative

A

ALL except atenolol; Propranolol is most sedative

38
Q

general uses of beta blockers

A

angina, HTN, post-MI
Antiarrhymatics: propranolol, acebutolol, esmolol
Glaucoma: timolol
Migraine, thyrotoxicosis, performance anxiety, essential tremor—Propranolol

39
Q

drugs with alpha 1 and beta blocker activity

A

labetalol, carvedilol; use in CHF

40
Q

K channel block and Beta blocking activity

A

Sotalol (class III antiarrhymatic)

Pharmacology (16 decks)

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