Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

DMD3 > Info missed first time paeds > Flashcards

Info missed first time paeds Flashcards

1
Q

What happens during the bud stage?

A

Migration of neural crest cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What happens during the cap stage?

A

Proliferation: Condensation of ectoderm and formation of enamel organ and the dental papilla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What developmental anomalies arise from the cap stage?

A

Odontogenic cysts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is morphodifferentiation and which stage of development is it?

A

Proliferation of inner oral epithelium to form the shape of the crown occurs during the bell stage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which developmental anomalies and traits are associated with the morphodifferentiation phase of development of the tooth?

A

Tooth size and shape (macro and microdontia, talon cusps, hutchinson’s incisors/mullberry molars, taurodontism, dens in/evaginatus, cusps of cerebelli)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which developmental anomalies and traits are associated with the histodifferentiation stage of development?

A

Regional odontoplasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is histodifferentiation and which stage of development is it?

A

Differentiation of precursor cells -> ameloblasts, odontoblasts depend on secondary enamel knots

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the stages of crown formation?

A

Apposition (Reciprocal induction and laying of mantle dentin and first enamel)

Calcification

Maturation (enamel crystal formation)

Eruption (Emergence and continued root development)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which genes are important for formation of the oral epithelium?

A 
BMP
FGF
WNT
SHH
TNF
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which genes are important for formation of the dental placode?

A

BMP
FGF
WNT
SHH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which genes are important for formation of the enamel knots during morphogenesis?

A

BMP
FGF
WNT
SHH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What proteins are required for the ectomesenchyme?

A

BMP and ACTIVIN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What proteins are required to be expressed for condensed ectomesenchyme?

A

BMP
FGF
WNT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What proteins are required to be expressed for dental papilla ectomesenchyme?

A

BMP
FGF
WNT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the possible locations of hyperdonts?

A

Mesiodens (somewhere in premaxilla)

Para(pre)molar

Distomolar (as a 9)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the possible morphologies of hyperdonts?

A

Conical

Tuberculate

Supplemental

Odontomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the types of odontomes?

A

Compound: Well-circumscribed (Discrete tooth-like structures)

Complex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Clinical signs of odontomes?

A

Diastema/local crowding/irregularity

Displacement of other teeth

Failure of teeth to erupt

Retention of primary incisors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What conditions are associated with hyperdontia?

A

Cleidocranial dysplasia

Gardner syndrome

Nance-Horan syndrome

Cleft lip and palate

Ehler-Danlos Syndrome

Fabry-Anderson’s syndrome = X-linked lysosomal storage disorder

Incontinentia pigmenti

Chondroectodermal dysplasia

CGNCEFIC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Which condition leads to hutchinson’s teeth that isn’t syphillis?

A

Nance-Horan syndrome

21
Q

What should be done to treat supernumerary teeth?

A

Surgical complications associated with early or late supernumerary teeth. More
favourable to exo mesiodens etc before age 6 – no association with damage in surgery (even though
some people say “don’t take out too early for fear of damaging tooth germs”)

22
Q

What environmental factores cause hypodontia?

A

Intrauterine drugs

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy (if kids have undergone oncology treatment)

Trauma

Infection

23
Q

What syndromes can lead to hypodontia?

A

Hypohidrotic ED +/- immunodeficiency

Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome (cataract-dental syndrome)

Clefts

Van der Woude syndrome -> clefting

Down syndrome

Oral-facial-digital syndrome

Williams syndrome

Oligodontia and colorectal cancer syndrome

Odonto-onycho-dermal dysplasia

Incontinentia pigmenti

Ecterodactyly, ectodermal dysplasia

Ellis-van creveld syndrome

Witkop syndrome

Curry-Hall syndrome

Angel-shaped phalango epiphyseal dysplasia

24
Q

What happens in hypohidrotic ED?

A

Can cause immunodeficiency

Hidrosis = sweating

25
Q

What is axenfeld-rieger syndrome?

A

Predominantly an eye disease - strangely shaped pupils and hypertelorism (Wide eyes)

Leads to microdontia as well as oligodontia

26
Q

What are the clinical features of hypodontia?

A

infraocclusion of primary teeth

Increased overbite, tooth rotation, and ectopic maxilalary canines

Reduced mandibular plane angle

27
Q

How is hypodontia treated?

A

Build up peg lateral incisors, conical teeth etc

Orthodontic managemetn

Dentures or fixed prostheses

Autotransplants

Implants

28
Q

What commonly coexists with a primary lateral incisor that has a talon cusp? What does this mean clinically?

A

A supernumerary tooth

If there is a talon cusp on the primary lateral incisor take an occlusal radiograph.

29
Q

What syndromes cause talon cusp?

A

Sturge weber syndrome

Rubenstein-Taybi

Ellis van Creveld (Chondroectodermal dysplasia)

30
Q

What is Rubenstein-Taybe syndrome?

A

Condition that causes short stature, moderate to severe intellectual disability, distinnctive facial features, and broad thumbs + First toes.

Small jaws

Crowding

High palate

TALON CUSPS

31
Q

What causes dens evaginatus to form?

A

Inner enamel epithelium proliferates into the stellate reticulum due to outflowing of the enamel epithelium, and transient focal hyperplasia of the primitive pulpal mesenchyme.

32
Q

What causes dens invaginatus?

A

Due to invasion of dental papilla by a rapid, progressively proliferating area of internal enamel
epithelium

33
Q

What causes taurodontism?

A

Unknown but probably linked to failure of hertwig’s epithelial rooth sheath to invaginate.

34
Q

What anomalies are commonly associated with taurodontism?

A

Amelogenesis imperfecta

Hypodontia

35
Q

What is HPSM and what does it mean?

A

Hypomineralised primary second molars. It means that the child will have 4x more chance of MIH

36
Q

How should HPSM be treated?

A

Need to manage fairly aggressively – fissure seal/SS crown asap (esp if brown)

37
Q

What features of MIH microstructure make it hard to treat?

A

High levels of TRPV1 receptors which trigger hypersensitivity.

Increased pulpal innervation

These make it difficult to anaesthetize so PDL injections may be necessary.

Higher protein content make bonding difficult

38
Q

How is MIH treated?

A

Currently depends on how bad it is. No treatment -> Tooth mousse -> Fluoride varnish -> F/S -> Composite

Resin infiltration is currently used as it penetrates deeper than CPP-ACP. The microporosities fill with resin and then are cured. Follow this up with a Stainless Steel Crown

39
Q

What is a turner tooth?

A

Usually result of trauma to dentition before the age of 3 leading to enamel defects.

40
Q

What is amelogenesis imperfecta?

A

Hereditary defect of enamel of the permanent and/or primary dentition.

41
Q

What causes amelogenesis imperfecta?

A

Can be inherited: X-linked (AMELX), Dominant (Enamelin), and recessive in some families.

42
Q

What are the classes of amelogenesis imperfecta?

A

Hypoplastic

Hypomature

Hypocalcified

HM/HP + taurodontism

43
Q

What clinical considerations to have with AI?

A

Low caries risk

Rapid attrition

Extensive calculus deposition

Sensitivity

Gingival hyperplasia/inflammation

Non-enamel related factors: Open bite, eruption disturbances, congenitally missing teeth, increased impaction of permanent teeth

44
Q

Differentials for AI:

A

Extrinsic disorders such as fluorosis

Chronologic disorders of tooth formation (Extent and number of teeth depends on timing. Not thought to have genetic component)

45
Q

What are the grades of ectopic eruption of the 1st permanent molar teeth?

A

Grade 1: Mild, limited resorption of the cementum with minimum dentin penetration

Grade 2: Moderate, resorption of dentin without pulp exposure

Grade 3: Severe, Resorption of the distal root leading to pulp exposure

Grade 4: Very severe, Resorption that affects the mesial root of the primary second molar

46
Q

What causes ectopic eruption?

A

Mesial angulation of the 6

Larger than average width of the 6

Crowding

Unfavourable shape of the Es

47
Q

What is the prognosis of ectopic eruption like?

A

Can be reversible or irreversible.

Spontaneous correction occurs in 50 - 69%. If permanent molar is blocked distal movement is indicated to create space and correct eruption

48
Q

When is ectopic eruption of 6s diagnosed?

A

5 - 7 years of age via radiograph.

DMD3 (53 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions