Influences on Prenatal Development Flashcards
general risk factors are
nutrition
stress
mothers age
who is the sole nutrition for developing baby
mother
most pregnant women need to increase their calorie intake by
10-20%
disorder in which the embryo’s neural tube does not close
spina bifida
high stress tend to have children who are
- born earlier
- lower birth weight
- Physically, cognitively, and linguisticallyunderdeveloped
an agent that causes abnormal prenatal development
teratogens
what are the kind of teratogens
- drugs
- diseases
- environmental hazards
teratogens: what kind of disease is associated with drugs
Fetal alcohol syndrome; neonatal abstinence syndrome
teratogens: different kinds associated with diseases
aids, herpes, syphilis
teratogens: different kinds associated with environmental hazards
lead, mercury, X-rays, cell phones
disorder affecting babies whose mothers consumed large amounts of alcohol while they were pregnant
fetal alcohol syndrome
Infants born with FAS have:
- lower birth weight
- smaller head
- body defects
- facial malformations
Newborns can be born addicted to a drug if the mother uses it within the final weeks of pregnancy
neonatal abstinence syndrome
three ways to be infected w HIV
- through placenta
- coming into contact w mothers blood
- breastfeeding
using a syringe to withdraw amniotic fluid through the mother’s abdomen
amniocentesis
taking a sample tissue from placenta
chorionic villus sampling
prenatal treatment
- ultrasound
- amniocentesis
- chorionic villus sampling
field of medicine concerned with treating prenatal problems before birth
fetal medicine
been used to treat fetal hypothyroidism
administering drugs or hormones
used to treat problems like spina bifida and circulatory problems
fetal surgery
replacing defective genes with synthetic normal genes
Genetic engineering
umbilical cord blood flow is disrupted and the infant does not receive adequate oxygen
hypoxia
surgical removal of an infant from the uterus through an incision made in the abdomen
cesarean section
extreme low birth weight
below 2.2 pounds low survival rate
the number of infants out of 1,000 births who die before their first birthday
infant mortality
Possible factors include low birth weight resulting from
lack of free or inexpensive prenatal care and fewer paid leaves of absence for childcare
