Building Blocks of Life

Question 1

studied dichotomous traits in lines of pea plants.

Answer 1

Gregor mendel

Question 2

what did gregor Mendel discovered

Answer 2

plants could pass on traits present in their parents that they did not show themselves

Question 3

a person’s hereditary makeup

Answer 3

genotype

Question 4

Physical, behavioral and psychological features that result from the interaction between one’s genes and the environment

Answer 4

phenotype

Question 5

a group of nucleotide bases that provide a specific set of biochemical instructions

Answer 5

genes

Question 6

humans have how many different genes

Answer 6

20,500

Question 7

how many pair of chromosomes are there

Answer 7

23

Question 8

variation of a gene

Answer 8

alleles

Question 9

alleles in pair of chromosomes that are the same

Answer 9

homozygous alleles

Question 10

alleles in a pair of chromosomes that differ

Answer 10

heterozygous alelles

Question 11

form of an allele whose chemical instructions are followed

Answer 11

dominant

Question 12

form of an allele whose instructions are ignored due to the presence of a dominant allele.

Answer 12

recessive

Question 13

: threadlike structures in the nuclei of cells that contain genetic material`

Answer 13

chromosomes

Question 14

first 22 pairs of chromosomes are called

Answer 14

autosomes

Question 15

what is the 23rd chromosome

Answer 15

sex chromosome

Question 16

molecule composed of four nucleotide bases that is the biochemical basis of heredity.

Answer 16

dna

Question 17

two types of genetic disorders

Answer 17

1. inherited disorders

2. abnormal chromosomes

Question 18

that are life-threatening often involve two recessive alleles

Answer 18

inherited disorders

Question 19

example of inherited disorders

Answer 19

sickle-cell disease, PKU, Huntington’s disease

Question 20

extra, missing or damaged chromosomes that result in abnormal development

Answer 20

abnormal chromosomes

Question 21

example of abnormal chromosomes

Answer 21

Down syndrome, turner’s syndrome

Question 22

The branch of genetics that studies inheritance of behavioral and psychological traits

Answer 22

behavioral genetics

Question 23

When phenotypes are the result of the combined activity of many separate genes

Answer 23

polygenetic inheritance

Question 24

The result of two eggs fertilized by two sperm

Answer 24

dizygotic twins (fraternal)

Question 25

twins from the union of one egg and one sperm that splits in two soon after conception

Answer 25

monozygotic twins (identical)

Question 26

DNA is not

Answer 26

destiny , predispositions (probability)

Question 27

a measure of the extent to which a trait or characteristic is inherited

Answer 27

heritability coefficients