Inflammatory Bowel Disease Flashcards
What are the two key inflammatory bowel diseases?
Ulcerative collitis and chrons disease
How is ulcerative collitis localised?
Begins in the rectum and can extend to involve entrie colon, however is limited to the mucosa
How is chorns disease localised?
Can be found anywhere in the Gi tract, the ileum in most cases, and is transmural and you can see the formation of skip lesiosn
What are some of the potential causes of inflammatory bowel disease?
Genetic, there may be altered gut organims, there may be a trigger such as anitbiotics, smoking and infections
What are som of the features that chrons disease may present with?
There would be mild perinal inlamttion, and is often associated with paniful diarrhea, there is a tender mass in the right lower quadrant, there is a lowe grade fever and the patient may be midly anemic
What are some of the gross pathoglocial features of chrons disease?
Hyperameia, mucoasl odema, discrete superfical ulcers, deeper ulcers, transmural infalmtion and the foramtion of fistulae and a cobblestone appearance in severe cases
What causes the formation of a cobblestone appearance in chrons disease?
There are areas of odema surrouded by areas of ulceration
What are some of the mircospic pathological features of chronhs disease?
The formation of granulomas
What are some of the investigations that you would used in chrons disease?
Bloods to look for anaemia, baruium enema or follow through to look for structyures and fistuale, and CT/MRI scans to look for bowel wall thickening, obstruction and extramural problems
What are some of the features of a presenation of ulcerative collitis?
Normal temp, uregent dirrhea with mucus and bloody stools, no perianal disease, a midly tender abdomen and is typically and remitting and relasping condition
What are some of the pathological changes that you might see in ulcerative collitis?
Chornic inflammotory infiltrate of the lamina propria, formation of crypt abcessed, pseudopylps, loss of haustra,
What are some of the investigations that you may do in ulcerative collitis?
A barium enema (in mild cases only) CT?MRI are less useful in the diagnosis of UC< blood for anaemia and serum, stool cultures, and radiographs to look for the presence of a lead pipe colon
Which of the two conditions has rectal involvement?
Ulcerative collitis
In which of the conditons are you more likley to see gross bleeding?
Ulcerativ collitis,
In which of the contions are you likley to see the formation of fistula?
Chorns disease
