Basic Structures And Proccesses

Question 1

Name the four layers of the gut wall

Answer 1

The mucosa, the submucosa, the external muscle layers and the serosa

Question 2

What layers does the mucosa consist of?

Answer 2

Epithelium, lamina propria and musclularis mucosa

Question 3

What are some of the major functions of the GI tract???

Answer 3

To provide a prot of entry for food into the body, to mechianallly disrupt the food, temporily store food, to kill pathogens, to move food along and absorb the nutrients

Question 4

Describe the process of digestion

Answer 4

Is rthe conversion of what we eat by physical disruption and chemicals disdrptuoon into a solution which i isotonic from which we absorb our nutrients

Question 5

What are some of the features of salvia?

Answer 5

Starts digestion amylase and lipase and bacteriostatic, contains IgA high calcium and assists swallowing

Question 6

What ares ome of the features of the osephagus

Answer 6

Mouth forms a bolugs, upper end of the oesophagus is under voluntary control and the lower end of oesophagus in involut ary control. And rapid persatitlic, and fastest GI transport rest of the guts motility is relatively slow

Question 7

What is the innervation of the osephagus?

Answer 7

The mysenteric plexus and the jsubmucasal plexus

Question 8

What are some of the features of the stomach?

Answer 8

Acts as a food store, the wall relaxes so pressure doesn’t rise, contracts rhythmically and secretes acid and proteolytic enzymes, and protects its epithelium by secreting mucus

Question 9

What are the folds of the stomahc called?

Answer 9

Rugae

Question 10

What are some off the features of the duodenum?

Answer 10

Water is drawn in from the ecf to render hypotnic chyme, liver releases bile, pancreas and liver secrete alkali to naturalise acid, pancreas and liver secrete enzymes secrete chyme

Question 11

How long is the small intestine?

Answer 11

22 feet long,

Question 12

Rcular folds of the mucosa in the jejunum?

Answer 12

Plicae circulares

Question 13

What soes the large intestine consist of?

Answer 13

The caecum. Ascending volon, traverse colon, descending colon and the sigmoid colon

Question 14

What is a feature of the large intestine?

Answer 14

The numerous cryptos of liberkuhn

Question 15

What is the peithelium surrounding the crypts of liberkuhn?

Answer 15

Simple columnar

Question 16

Ewhat is the somatic control of the gi system?

Answer 16

Ingestion- the mouth and the first 1/3 of the osephagus and excretion in the last sphincter of anus

Autonomic- post gangolonic neurones form plexuses one between the muscle layers, and one beneath the submucosa the gut nervous sytem and the range of neurotransmitters .

Question 17

What are the two neuronal plexuses of the gut wall?

Answer 17

The submucsoal plexus the plexus of meissener and the myeneteric plexus

Question 18

What are sime if the substances involved in paracrine contorl?

Answer 18

Histamine ( contoroles the production of acid in the stomach) and vasoactive substances affect the blood supply

Question 19

What are some of the major functions of the GI tract???

Answer 19

To provide a prot of entry for food into the body, to mechianallly disrupt the food, temporily store food, to kill pathogens, to move food along and absorb the nutrients

Question 20

Describe the process of digestion

Answer 20

Is rthe conversion of what we eat by physical disruption and chemicals disdrptuoon into a solution which i isotonic from which we absorb our nutrients

Question 21

What are some of the features of salvia?

Answer 21

Starts digestion amylase and lipase and bacteriostatic, contains IgA high calcium and assists swallowing

Question 22

What ares ome of the features of the osephagus

Answer 22

Mouth forms a bolugs, upper end of the oesophagus is under voluntary control and the lower end of oesophagus in involut ary control. And rapid persatitlic, and fastest GI transport rest of the guts motility is relatively slow

Question 23

What is the innervation of the osephagus?

Answer 23

The mysenteric plexus and the jsubmucasal plexus

Question 24

What are some of the features of the stomach?

Answer 24

Acts as a food store, the wall relaxes so pressure doesn’t rise, contracts rhythmically and secretes acid and proteolytic enzymes, and protects its epithelium by secreting mucus

Question 25

What are the folds of the stomahc called?

Answer 25

Rugae

Question 26

What are some off the features of the duodenum?

Answer 26

Water is drawn in from the ecf to render hypotnic chyme, liver releases bile, pancreas and liver secrete alkali to naturalise acid, pancreas and liver secrete enzymes secrete chyme

Question 27

How long is the small intestine?

Answer 27

22 feet long,

Question 28

Rcular folds of the mucosa in the jejunum?

Answer 28

Plicae circulares

Question 29

What soes the large intestine consist of?

Answer 29

The caecum. Ascending volon, traverse colon, descending colon and the sigmoid colon

Question 30

What is a feature of the large intestine?

Answer 30

The numerous cryptos of liberkuhn

Question 31

What is the peithelium surrounding the crypts of liberkuhn?

Answer 31

Simple columnar

Question 32

Ewhat is the somatic control of the gi system?

Answer 32

Ingestion- the mouth and the first 1/3 of the osephagus and excretion in the last sphincter of anus

Autonomic- post gangolonic neurones form plexuses one between the muscle layers, and one beneath the submucosa the gut nervous sytem and the range of neurotransmitters .

Question 33

What are the two neuronal plexuses of the gut wall?

Answer 33

The submucsoal plexus the plexus of meissener and the myeneteric plexus

Question 34

What are sime if the substances involved in paracrine contorl?

Answer 34

Histamine ( contoroles the production of acid in the stomach) and vasoactive substances affect the blood supply