Inflammation/innate Immunity Ch. 7 Flashcards
Key components of the immune system
Blood, lymph, solid organs
Key roles of the immune system
Protect against pathogens, isolate and remove foreign substances, immune surveillance
Innate immunity
Natural barriers and inflammation, present at birth, with with adaptive immunity. Ex. Skin, mucus membranes, cilia, cells and secretions
Inflammatory stages
Vascular, plasma protein, cell mediated
Plasma protein components (3)
Complement system, clotting system, Kinan system
Compliment cascade
Antibody antigen complex->complement cascade->mast cell degranulation->histamine release->leukocyte chemotaxis->opsonization-> cell lysis
Key roles of the clotting cascade in inflammation
Prevent spread to adjacent tissue, trap antigen at the site so macrophages and neutrophils can remove, stop bleeding, provide a frame for repair and healing
Neutrophils
Early responders, engulf and clean up and leave
Monocytes (macrophages)
Trigger plasma proteins response, can hang out for up to 6 months depending on how severe the invader was-long term healing and clean up
Natural killer
Not leukocytes, have granulocytes, serve similar with viruses, viral antigen and some cancers
Basophils
B cell response (antibody), allergic response
Eosinophils
Parasitic infection, allergic reaction, regular mast cell response, need to know when to turn on/off
Mast cells
Granulation: release of histamine and other vasodilators, causes itchy, swollen skin
Phagocytosis
Chemotaxis starts the process
Leukocytes use opsonization to tag invaders to engulf and infuse with lysosome granules, ROS to switch on trigger response
Lysosome are primarily responsible for this
Interleukins
Macrophages and leukocytes
Alter adhesion, molecule expression
Bring leukocytes of the area of inflammation and stimulate their production in the bone
Both pro and anti inflammatory
