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Drugs in Healthcare > Inflammation as a drug target > Flashcards

Inflammation as a drug target Flashcards

1
Q

What is eczema?

A

This is a chronic inflammation of the skin which affects 15 million people yearly.

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2
Q

What is gout?

A

This is uric acid crystals which are lodged n the skin and causes immense pain around the joints.
This results in a form of arthritis being developed.

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3
Q

What is vasculitis?

A

This is the inflammation of the blood vessels and restricts blood flow to then organs // tissues.
This can result in thickening // weakening // narrowing // scarring of the blood vessels.

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4
Q

Roughly how many people in the UK have IBD?

A

620, 000 people every year.

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5
Q

How much does it cost for a patient with IBD to be treated?

A

£6165

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6
Q

What is ulcerative colitis?

A

This is when the iinnermost lining of the colon and rectum is INFLAMMED. It’s a chronic condition.

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7
Q

What are the symptoms of having ulcerative colitis?

A 
Diarrhea
Abdominal Pain 
Rectal pain 
Bleeding
Weight loss
Fatigue
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8
Q

What is an effect of having ulcerative colitis?

A

Ulcers develop on the colon’s lining and thus, these can bleed and produce PUS.

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9
Q

What is Crohns disease?

A

Crohn’s diseases causes inflammation of the lining of the digestive system. The digestive system consists of GI tract and gut.

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10
Q

What are the causes of IBD?

A

Genetics

Immune System

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11
Q

What are the risk factors of IBD?

A

Smoking
Ethnicity
Age
Family History

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12
Q

What are the main symptoms of IBD?

A

Diarrhea
Bleeding ulcerrs
Stomach pain
Anemia

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13
Q

What is clinical diagnosis?

A

This is diagnosis from patients history and symptoms.

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14
Q

What are the ways of diagnosing inflammatory disorders ?

A 
Clinical Diagnosis
Antibody testing 
Inflammatory markers
Imaging
Tissue Biopsy
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15
Q

What are the examples of inflammatory marking?

A

CRP // Faecal calprotectin.
Stool sample
Blood test

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16
Q

What are some examples of imaging?

A 
Colonoscopy = Examines the entire LARGE intestine.  
Endoscopy = Small intestine is inspected.
17
Q

What is temporal arteritis?

A

This is when blood vessels linked to the eyes // jaw are inflamed = This can cause blindness and head pains.

18
Q

If vision is lost, what can be given to treat temporal arteritis?

A

Steroids can be given.

19
Q

Why would steroids be given?

A

These are anti - inflammatory medicines used to treat a RANGE of conditions.

20
Q

What is the remission period ?

A

The remission period is the period of time where there are NO symptoms.

21
Q

What is the relapse period?

A

This is the period whereby symptoms flare up again.

22
Q

What are the side effects of using steroids?

A

Increased appetite // Mood changes // Sleeping

23
Q

What is the time course of inflammatory disorders ?

A

Diagnosis
Treatment
Remission
Relapse // Flare = From here it goes back to the treatment phase.

24
Q

During the treatment what is trying to be achieved?

A

Inducing the remission period.

25
Q

During the treatment what is trying to be achieved?

A

Inducing the remission period.

26
Q

During the remission period what is trying to be achieved?

A

Maintaining the remission period.

27
Q

During the relapse // flare period what is trying to be achieved?

A

Acute Care // Stabilisation.

28
Q

What are Corticosteroids?

A

These are steroid hormones ‘produced in the adrenal cortex’ and can be used to provide a variety of metabolic functions.
Can also be used to treat inflammation.

29
Q

What is suppressed HXA axis?

A

This is a hormonal imbalance.

30
Q

What is a reason as to why endogenous glands could be failing?

A

There is a reduction in CORTISOL and ANDROGEN levels - this occurs due to the corticosteroids.
This is an example of suppressed HXA axis.

31
Q

What is a colostomy?

A

This is a surgery whereby there is a removal of a certain length of your bowel.

32
Q

What is an ostomy applicance?

A

This is a pouch attached to your stoma and it is how waste from your abdomen is removed.

33
Q

What are local complications of IBD?

A

Malnutrition
Anaemia
Bowel Obstruction
Increased risk of colon cancer

34
Q

What are the systemic complications of IBD?

A

Joint pain
Osteoporosis
Eye redness
Skin rashes.

Drugs in Healthcare (15 decks)

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