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SP17: Micro/Immuno (Test 2) > Inflammation > Flashcards

Inflammation Flashcards

1
Q

What are the cardinal signs of inflammation?

A
  1. Redness
  2. Heat
  3. Swelling
  4. Pain
  5. Loss of function
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2
Q

What immune system is involved with acute inflammation: innate or adaptive?

A

INNATE

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3
Q

What causes inflammation?

A
  1. Injury
  2. Infection
  3. Disease
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4
Q

What is the first step to wound healing?

A

Inflammation

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5
Q

What would happen to wound healing if the inflammatory response was blocked or delayed?

A

Wound healing would be delayed, leaving wound open and vulnerable to infection

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6
Q

What is the major difference between chronic and acute inflammation?

A

Acute: innate immune system and stimulus is removed

Chronic: innate and adaptive; stimulus is not removed so inflammation continues

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7
Q

What are the cytokines that are involved in inflammation?

A
  1. TNF-alpha
  2. IL-1 beta
  3. IL-6
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8
Q

What inflammatory mediators are involved in vasodilation?

A
  1. Histamine
  2. Bradykinin
  3. Leukotrienes
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9
Q

What is the function of prostaglandins?

A
  1. Cause vasodilation or constriction

VERY TISSUE SPECIFIC

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10
Q

What are the steps in inflammation?

A
  1. Injury
  2. Epithelial and mast cells degranulate
  3. Leukocyte reaction and phagocytosis
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11
Q

What two cytokines are important in turning off inflammation?

A
  1. IL-10

2. TGF-beta

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12
Q

What are the four steps to getting cells into the infected tissue?

A
  1. Rolling
  2. Integrin activation by chemokines
  3. Stable adhesion
  4. Migration through endothelium
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13
Q

What happens in the rolling process?

A

Selectins used to slow down leukocytes in the venule

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14
Q

What happens during integrin activations?

A

Chemokines cause integrins to go from low to high affinity

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15
Q

Where are integrins? Where are their ligands?

A

Integrins are on leukocyte

Ligands are on endothelium

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16
Q

What happens in the third step?

A

Leukocyte with high-affinity integrins binds to ligands and flattens onto endothelium

17
Q

What happens in step 4?

A

Leukocyte rearranges cytoskeleton and tight junction opens -> leukocytes goes into tissue

18
Q

How is lymphocyte trafficking different then leukocyte trafficking?

A

Lymphocytes do not go directly into the blood

SP17: Micro/Immuno (Test 2) (13 decks)

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