Antibacterial Immunity Flashcards
T/F: Immune responses can cause damage and disease in the host.
TRUE
T/F: Only innate immune response is triggered by extracellular bacteria.
FALSE
Both innate and adaptive responses
What adaptive immune cells play the largest role in killing extracellular bacteria?
B cells
What is the first step in phagocytosis?
Phagocyte must recognize the bacteria.
Three receptors:
- Mannose receptor: cell wall mannose
- Scavenger receptor: cell wall
- Mac-1 Integrin: binds microbes with compliment
What are the steps in extracellular bacteria phagocytosis?
- Recognition
- Engulfment -> phagosome
- Lysosome fusion -> phagolysosome
- ROS or NO used to kill bacteria
What can macrophages do to fight extracellular microbes?
- Phagocytosis
- Antigen presentation
- Secrete cytokines and chemokines
What can neutrophils do to fight extracellular microbes?
- First responders
- Phagocytosis
- Oxygen independent killing (degranulation)
How does complement help fight against extracellular microbes?
- Opsonizes microbes
- Recruits and activates leukocytes
- MAC
How do B cells help fight against extracellular microbes?
ANTIBODIES
Which T cells are important with extracellular microbes?
Th2
What is the difference between Th1 and Th2?
Th1: inflammatory cytokines
Th2: B cell promoting cytokines
How do extracellular bacteria evade immune system?
- Antigenic variation
- Inhibit complement
- Resist phagocytosis
- Scavenge ROS
Which is more dominant in fighting intracellular pathogens: cell mediated or antibody.
CELL MEDIATED
T/F: B cells are very important with intracellular bacteria.
FALSE
T Cells
What types of bacteria do natural killer cells and dendritic cells fight?
Intracellular
