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Pathophysiology > Inflammation > Flashcards

Inflammation Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 goals of an acute inflammatory response?

A
  • Increase blood flow to site of injury
  • alert product of healing to attend site
  • remove injured tissue and prepare site for repair
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2
Q

What is the vascular response of inflammation?

A

Increase blood flow to site of injury

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3
Q

What is the cellular response for inflammation?

A

Alert product of healing to attend to the site of injury

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4
Q

What happens to blood vessels during inflammation?

A

Vasodilate

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5
Q

What are inflammatory mediators?

A

Facilitate process of widening and loosening blood vessels

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6
Q

What type of cells release inflammatory mediators?

A

White blood cells

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7
Q

What do platelets release?

A

Serotonin and histamine

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8
Q

What does serotonin do?

A

Causes vasodilation and increased permeability

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9
Q

What does histamine do?

A

Causes vasodilation and increased permeability

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10
Q

What do endothelial cells release and what does it do

A

Platelet activating factor; inflammatory mediator that promotes vasodilation and attractions WBC to injury site

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11
Q

What does arachidonic acid generate

A

Generates inflammatory mediators

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12
Q

What are mast cells and how fast do they respond?

A
  • leukocyte housed throughout tissue, near blood vessels
  • Respond first
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13
Q

What are macrophages

A

Monocytes that moved from bloodstream into another tissue

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14
Q

What are cytokines

A

Proteins that regulate inflammation

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15
Q

How long is chronic inflammation?

A

Longer than 6 months

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16
Q

What are the chief phagocytic cells of chronic inflammation?

A

monocytes, macrophages, and lymphocytes

17
Q

What happens as monocytes mature into macrophages?

A

Produce proteinases and fibroblasts

18
Q

What are proteinases and why can they be bad?

A

Enzymes that destroy elastin, destroy tissue at site of injury

19
Q

What are fibroblasts responsible for and why can they be bad

A

Responsible for collage development; extensive scarring

20
Q

What are granulomas?

A

Nodular inflammatory lesions that encase harmful substances

21
Q

What are the cardinal signs of inflammation?

A

redness, swelling, heat, pain, loss of function

22
Q

What cells respond first in inflammation?

A

Mast cells

23
Q

What are the 3 pathways of plasma systems?

A
  • Complement
  • Clotting
  • Kinin
24
Q

What does the complement system do?

A
  • Destroy and remove microorganism
25
Q

What does the kinin system do?

A
  • Amplifies immune response
26
Q

What does the clotting system do?

A
  • Helps with coagulation, promotes clots
27
Q

What is often found with chronic inflammation?

A
  • Fibrosis, scarring, granulomas
28
Q

what is a granuloma?

A
  • nodular inflammatory lesion that encases harmful substance
29
Q

What is the treatment for inflammation?

A

RICE

Rest
Ice
Compression
Elevation

Pathophysiology (6 decks)

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