Infectious respiratory disease Flashcards
What is isolation?
The physical segregation of an animal suspected of having, or proven to have a contagious disease
What is barrier nursing?
Precautions used when nursing an animal in isolation
What is quarantine?
Separation and restriction of the movement of a healthy animal who may have been exposed to a communicable disease to see if they become ill
What is an incubation period?
The time between exposure to a pathogenic organism when symptoms and signs are first apparent (will differ depending on disease or infection)
What is canine distemper and its incubation period?
- Caused by distemper virus
- Virus is shed most commonly in respiratory exudates and urine, faeces, saliva, vomit and ocular discharge
- incubation period = 7-21 days
- Infection is via inhalation
What is Canine contagious respiratory disease and what is it caused by and incubation period?
- Kennel cough complex
- Caused by:
- Canine parainfluenza virus 5 (P1-5)
- Canine reovirus
- Canine adenovirus 2 (CAV-2)
- Spread by direct dog-to-dog contact through transmission of aerosol droplets
- Incubation period 5-7 days
What is feline upper respiratory disease?
- AKA cat flu
- Main infectious agents are:
- Feline herpesvirus type 1 (FHV-1)
- Feline calcivirus (FCV)
-Shed in nasal and ocular discharge and saliva
-Incubation varies:
-FHV-1 = 2-10 days
FCV = 1-7 days
What infectious diseases could occur in /rabbits and what is their incubation period?
- Snuffles
- Shed through secretions and fomites
- Incubation varies:
- Suggestions up to 2 weeks
- Dependant on other factors such as immunity and stressors
What mental factors should be considered for a patient in isolation?
- Stimulation vs rest
- TLC
- Visitors
- Toys
- Designated staff
What bedding factors should be considered for a patient in isolation?
- May be recumbent -> thick bedding
- Easy to clean/wipe
- If not disposable/wash at high temp
What treatment and monitoring should be considered for a patient in isolation?
- Likely to be intensive
- Regular monitoring of vital signs
- Administration of medication as per VS direction
- Administer and maintain fluid therapy (ideally O2)
- Provision of convalescent diet (poss assisted feeding)
What general nursing care of clinical signs need to be considered for a patient in isolation?
- Keep clean and dry
- Cleaning of nasal and ocular discharge
- Cleaning of skin/fur around anus
- Apply petroleum jelly to prevent skin excoriation
What owner education considerations are needed for a patient in isolation?
- Vaccination protocols
- Other pets
- Disinfection of home environment
- Carrier states of the patient once recovered
What barrier nursing rules considerations are needed for a patient in isolation?
- Appropriate signage
- PPE, footpath, hand hygiene
- Designated staff
- Dedicated equipments (fomites)
- Appropriate disinfection of environment
- Appropriate disposal of waste
