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2MRCP Part 2 > Infectious Diseases and Microbiology > Flashcards

Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Flashcards

1
Q

Papillomas
Trepenoma positive

A

Yaws

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2
Q

Criteria for vaginal delivery in HIV

A

If viral load <50 can deliver vaginally

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3
Q

Rash that starts peripherally and moves centrally
Fever
Headache

A

Rocky mountain spotted fever

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4
Q

What test for syphilis remains positive for life?

A

Trepenomal tests - even if successful treatment

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5
Q

Organism in human bites

A

Eikenella corrodens

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6
Q

Mantoux Test
- what is a positive result?
- what test can differentiate between BCG vaccination and infection?

A

> 6mm induration = positive result

Can use IGRA test - doesn’t differentiate between active and latent TB

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7
Q

Management of PCP
- consideration

A

Co-trimoxazole
If proven hypoxia e.g. low pO2 on gas - add in steroids

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8
Q

Management of measles
- consideration

A

Usually supportive
If developing country - evidence for giving vitamin A (replace losses)

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9
Q

Management of travellers diarrhoea

A

Conservative
If immunosuppressed - consider ciprofloxacin

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10
Q

Eradication of strongoloides

A

Repeat serology
- stool culture gold standard but only 50% sensitive

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11
Q

When do people need antibiotic prophylaxis in meningococcal meningitis?

A

Close contacts within the last 7 days

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12
Q

Management of ESBLs (3)

A

Carbopenems
Fosfomycin
Nitrofuratoin
- usually in the context of urine infections

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13
Q

Management of leprosy

A

Rifampicin
Clofazimine - riminophenozine antibiotic
Dapsone

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14
Q

Management of cerebral toxoplasmosis

A

Sulfadiazine
Pyrimethamine

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15
Q

Management of latent TB

A

EITHER
3 months isoniazid (with pyridoxine) + rifampicin
OR
6 months isoniazid (with pyridoxine)

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16
Q

Live vaccines

A

Yellow fever
BCG
Polio
Varicella

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17
Q

Unimmunised
Immunosuppressed
Confirmed measles contact

A

Need to give immunoglobulin
(if not immunosuppressed just give vaccine)

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18
Q

Management of Chagas Disease

A

Benzidazole

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19
Q

Feature of brucellosis

A

Sacroilitis

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20
Q

Treatment of multi-drug resistant TB

A

18-24 months of treatment with 5 medications

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21
Q

Tick bite management
- erythema migrans + nil clear tick bite
- tick bite + asymptomatic

A
  1. Treat with antibiotics, nil confirmation needed
  2. Nil investigation for Lyme’s disease needed
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22
Q

Features of leptospirosis (6)

A

Fever
Coryzal
Conjunctival haemorrhage
AKI
Hepatitis
Aseptic meningitis

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23
Q

Management of leptospirosis
Investigation

A

Doxycycline - if severe benzylpenicillin
Serology positive after 7 days

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24
Q

Assessment of response to hepatitis B vaccine

A

If >100 antiHBs then adequate response
- if less than that give 1 further dose
- if <10 then needs full course again

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25
Management of hepatitis B
Pegylated interferon A
26
NRTI (3)
Zidovudine Tenofovir Didanosine
27
Protease inhibitor - how to determine
End in -vir (except tenofovir and integrase inhibitors end in -gravir)
28
NNRTI (2)
Revirapine Efavirenze
29
Vaccines contraindicated in HIV
Cholera Nasal influenza BCG Polio
30
Marker for hepatitis C
HCV RNA
31
Associations with hepatitis C (6)
Arthritis Sjogrens Cirrhosis HCC Cryoglobulinaemia Porphyria cutanea tarda
32
Management of hepatitis C - caution with
Protease inhibitor + ribavarin Ribavarin = teratogenic, haemolytic anaemia
33
Management of histoplasmosis
Amphotericin
34
Management of amoebic liver abscess
Metronidazole for 1/52 Diloxanide for 1/52
35
Cryptosporidium PCP Neutropaenia Normal/high levels IgM Low levels IgA/IgG
Hyper IgM syndrome
36
What is the diagnostic test for hyatid cyst disease
Serology for echinosoccus granulosa
37
1st line antibiotic in c.difficile
PO vancomycin
38
Where in the US is histoplasmosis endemic? Management
Histoplasmosis If severe = itraconazole
39
Parasitic infection Visual loss Corneal clouding Leopard skin Diagnosis? Management?
Onchocerciasis Management: ivermectin
40
What causes Chagas disease?
Tryp. cruzi
41
African sleeping sickness - what bugs?
Tryp. gambinese - think West and central Africa (near Gambia) Tryp. rhodesia - think Southern Africa
42
Slow creeping snake coming up from ankle - management
Ancyclomasta Mx: ivermectin
43
What can giardiasis cause?
Temporary lactose intolerance - avoid dairy for 6 weeks
44
1st line management of malaria
Artemether + lumefantrine
45
Management of scabies - immunosuppressed
PO ivermectin
46
Typhoid vs Viral Haemorrhagic fever
Typhoid = bradycardia, rose spots Viral = tachycardia, petechiae, DIC, thrombocytopaenia
47
Haemoptysis Night sweats TB negative - management
Pargonimiasis = associated with eosinophilia Management = praziquantel
48
Management of prosthetic valve endocarditis
Rifampicin Vancomycin Gentamicin
49
2nd line management for cryptosporidium
Rifaximin
50
Antibiotic of choice in carbopenamase producing infection (CPE)
Tigecycline Aminoglycosides
51
Councilman bodies
Yellow fever
52
Bats + viral haemorrhagic fever
Marburg virus
53
What classes as recurrent C.difficile? How do we manage?
Within 12 weeks Go to second line management i.e. oral fidaxomicin
54
Treatment failure in scabies
Trial alternative topical insecticide
55
What is Waterhouse Friederichson syndrome?
Usually in context of meningococcal septicaemia Bleeding into adrenal glands then causing adrenal failure
56
Management of visceral leishmaniasis
Sodium stibogluconate
57
Gradual paraparesis Urinary retention Hyperreflexia Upgoing plantars Travel history - diagnosis? - organism? - association?
Tropical spastic paraparesis HTLV-1 Associated with HIV Management with steroids
58
Tropical spastic paraparesis
Gradual paraparesis Urinary retention Hyperreflexia Upgoing plantars Travel history
59
Multiple fly bites Atrophic appearance Oozing purulence - diagnosis - investigation
Cutaneous leishmaniasis Punch biopsy
60
Management of HSV meningitis
No treatment needed
61
Management of HSV encephalitis
14-21 days of IV aciclovir
62
Genital painless ulcer Treponomal positive RPR negative - management
Treat as syphilis Do syphilis PCR
63
Human herpes virus 5
CMV
64
Human herpes virus 4
EBV
65
Human herpes virus 3
Varicella Zoster
66
Management of HUS
Largely supportive If secondary to e.coli 0157 need to inform communicable disease

2MRCP Part 2 (14 decks)

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