Haematology Flashcards
Criteria for starting treatment in CLL (5)
Thrombocytopaenia
Marrow failure
Lymphadenopathy
Splenomegaly
(both of these have to be widespread/massive)
Systemic symptoms - >10% weight loss in 6 months
Management of genetic methahaemaglobinaemia
Asorbic acid
2nd line agent in CLL
Ibrutinib
Burkitt’s Lymphoma
- association
- genetics
HIV
t8:14
What qualifies as progressive lymphocytosis in CLL requiring treatmetnt?
Doubling over 2 months
MDS vs AML - blood film findings
AML >20% blasts in peripheral blood
MDS = hypogranular, hypo lobulated neutrophils
ADAMST13
Can be low in HUS
Not as low as in TTP
Platelet refractoriness
- definition
- management
= PLT rise <10
Check anti-HLA or anti-platelet antibodies
Wells Score for DVT
- pathway
< 2 = d-dimer
>= 2 = leg US
Haemophilia A
vs
vWF
Both have low factor VIII
vWF = prolonged bleeding time, platelet aggregation impaired
Investigation of choice in CLL
Immunophenotyping
Cytogenetics used for prognostication
Anticoagulation in HIT
Bivalirudin (direct thrombin inhibitor)
Cannot use warfarin - doesn’t help with the risk of thrombus and increased risk of skin gangrene
Hairy cell leukaemia
- what is the associated mutation?
BRAF mutation
Blood product of use in DIC
Fresh frozen plasma
Investigation of choice in multiple myeloma
Whole body MRI
Need to raise platelets quickly in ITP
IV immunoglobulin
Defining Waldenstrom’s
> 10% infiltration in bone marrow with lymphoplasmocytic
G6PD levels in acute haemolysis
Can be unreliable - G6PD levels may be normal during acute haemolysis even in the case of G6PD deficiency
Hepatomegaly
Splenomegaly
Anaemia
Thrombocytopaenia
Femoral flaring
Gaucher’s disease
= fatty build up in key organs
Management of polycythaemia
Aspirin
Venesection - aim PCV <0.45
B symptoms
Headache - why?
Diagnosis
Waldenstrom’s Macroglobulinuria
- headache = hyperviscosity symptoms
Management of congenital methaglobulinaemia
Ascorbic acid
Causes of warm AIHA
CLL
Lymphoma
SLE
Methyldopa
Causes of cold AIHA
Lymphoma
Mycoplasma
EBV
