Infectious diseases

Question 1

Which microorganism can cause infection from faulty air conditioning?

Answer 1

Legionella

Question 2

Which scoring system do we use to assess pneumonia?

Answer 2

CURB-65

Question 3

What are the two main organisms which cause CAP?

Answer 3

Streptococcus pneumonia, haemophilia influenzae B.

Question 4

What are the causes of atypical pneumonia?

Answer 4

Mycoplasma pneumonia
Legionella pneumophilia
Chlamydia pneumonia

Question 5

What are the two main organisms which cause HAP?

Answer 5

Staphylococcus aureus
Aeurginosa
Klebsiella

Question 6

Which microorganism is associated with pet birds?

Answer 6

Chlamydia Psittaci

Question 7

Which respiratory failure do you normally see with pneumonia?

Answer 7

Type 1 respiratory failure i.e. low O2, normal CO2.

Question 8

What is an important key symptom associated with pneumonia?

Answer 8

Confusion

Question 9

How do we treat CAP?

Answer 9

Amoxicillin +/Co-amoxiclav

Question 10

What do we use to treat atypical pneumonia?

Answer 10

Clarithromycin; different cell walls.

Question 11

What are 4 main causes of clubbing?

Answer 11

Bronchiectasis
TB
Lung Cancer
IPF (idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis)

Question 12

What are the four main causes of basal crepitations?

Answer 12

Heart failure
Pneumonia
Bronchiectasis
IPF (idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis)

Question 13

Which is the main microorganism which can cause infection in dental tooth extraction?

Answer 13

Streptococcus Viridian.

Dental = streptococcus!

Question 14

Which microorganism causes diarrhoea with a rice watery appearance?

Answer 14

Vibrio cholera

Question 15

Which microorganism causes food poisoning from undercooked chicken?

Answer 15

Campylobacter

Question 16

Which marker is raised in Hepatitis C?

Answer 16

Raised afP (alpha fetoprotein).

Question 17

Malaria is caused by which microorganism?

Answer 17

Plasmodium falciparum

Question 18

Which markers will be raised in a Clostridium difficile infection?

Answer 18

CRP, WCC.

Question 19

Where may you feel pain in the RUQ?

hint, raised ALT, raised ALP

Answer 19

Hepatitis A

Question 20

What does a positive HBV antibody indicate?

Answer 20

Previous exposure.

Positive HBV surface antigen indicates active disease.

Question 21

Which is the only common Gram-negative coccus

Answer 21

Neisseria

Question 22

Will we see positive or negative bifringent crystals in Gout?

Answer 22

Negative (Pseudogout will show positive crystals).

Question 23

Pseudomembranous colitis, toxic megacolon and peritonitis are associated with which bacterium?

Answer 23

Clostridium difficile.

Question 24

How do we treat Clostridium difficile?

Answer 24

Cephalosporins e.g. Cefuroxime

Question 25

Name a cephalosporin

Answer 25

Cefuroxime

Question 26

Co-amoxiclav is which class of drug?

Answer 26

Beta lactam

Question 27

Ciprofloxacin is which class of drug?

Answer 27

Quinolone

Question 28

Name 4 conditions where we can see erythema nodosum.

Answer 28

Sarcoidosis Streptococcal infection TB UC/ Crohn's disease.

Question 29

What is the most common microorganism to cause Meningitis?

Answer 29

``` Neisseria Meningitides (in younger) Streptococcus pneumoniae (in older) ```

Question 30

Name three investigations for glandular fever.

Answer 30

EBV, IgG, IgM, monospot test, FBC.

Question 31

Which are the two most common microorganisms seen in CAP.

Answer 31

Haemophilia, streptococcus.

Question 32

How do we treat PCP (pneumocystitis)?

Answer 32

Co-trimoxazole.

Question 33

What is a heterophile antibody test?

Answer 33

Spot test for infectious mononucleosis/ EBV.

Question 34

Which microorganism do we associate as the cause of food poisoning?

Answer 34

Campylobacter jejuni

Question 35

Which subtype of hepatitis can cause jaundice and diarrhoea following eating seafood?

Answer 35

Hepatitis A; A is transferred faeco-orally.

Question 36

Which virus causes infectious mononucleosis?

Answer 36

Epstein Barr virus (EBV).

Question 37

Which blood group is the universal donor?

Answer 37

O negative | O-

Question 38

Which antibiotic should be avoided in infective mononucleosis?

Answer 38

Amoxicillin; can develop maculopapulae rash

Question 39

Which is the antibiotic of choice in bacterial tonsillitis?

Answer 39

Benzyl-penicillin

Question 40

Which is the antibiotic alternative for those allergic to penicillin?

Answer 40

Clarithromycin

Question 41

Which is the antibiotic we use to treat Clostridium difficile?

Answer 41

Vancomycin.

Question 42

When a patient is allergic to penicillin, what do we offer?

Answer 42

Clarithromycin

Question 43

Which organism causes community acquired pneumonia most commonly?

Answer 43

Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Question 44

Which organism causes hospital acquired pneumonia most commonly?

Answer 44

Staphylococcus aureus.

Question 45

Which microorganism most commonly causes hospital acquired pneumonia?

Answer 45

Staphylococcus aureus

Question 46

When will a patient have Hepatitis D as a diagnosis?

Answer 46

After having had hepatitis B (would say in stem)

Question 47

When will a patient have Hepatitis B as a diagnosis?

Answer 47

IVDU, sex, needles, travel.

Question 48

When will a patient have Hepatitis A as a diagnosis?

Answer 48

Faeco-oral route.