Dermatology Flashcards
What is the difference between a papule and macule?
Papule = raised (>1cm) Macule = less than 1cm
What is the name for a well vascularised carcinoma?
Telangiectasia.
What are the differences between basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma?
Basal cell carcinoma = slower growing and does not metastasise.
Squamous cell metastasises.
Give 3 features of a squamous cell carcinoma lesion.
Hyperkeratotic
Ulcerated
Non-pigmented.
What is squamous cell carcinoma?
Cancer of the keratinocytes in the epidermis.
Give a main feature of basal cell carcinoma
‘Pearly’, ‘rolled’ edges. Telangiectasia (broken blood vessels - capillaries).
Give features of a melanoma
Pigmented, asymmetrical (benign mole will be symmetrical).
What is one key difference in the appearance of a melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma?
Melanoma = pigmented.
Squamous cell carcinoma = non-pigmented.
What is the treatment we use for herpes?
Acyclovir
Psoriasis is autoimmune. True or false.
True.
Eczema is autoimmune. True or false.
False; eczema is a reaction to allergens.
Actinic keratosis is a specific risk factor for which cancer?
Squamous cell carcinoma.
Give 3 differentials for onycholysis
Psoriasis
Fungal infection
Trauma
Thyrotoxicosis
Nail involvement is heavily seen in which skin condition?
Psoriasis in the form of onycholysis.
What is onycholysis?
Detachment of nail from nail bed.
Describe a rodent ulcer
Pearly rolled edge, surface telangiectasia
Describe a fibroadenoma
Mobile, firm, smooth, non-tender.
An itchy, scaly rash in the flexures (elbow creases) is typical of which diagnosis?
Discoid eczema
Contact dermatitis is most commonly caused by what?
It is a hypersensitivity reaction so often a reaction to another substance e.g. nickel.
What is the difference between Hodgkin’s and Non-hodgkin’s lymphoma?
Hodgkin’s lymphoma = lymphoadenopathy.
Non-hodgkin’s lymphoma = no lymphadenopathy.
Presence of lymph nodes after alcohol - what should we be thinking of!!?
Hodgkin’s lymphoma.
Which breast lump is tender?
Breast abscesses
Are arterial ulcers usually wet or dry? How do they differentiate from venous ulcers?
Arterial = dry, painful. Venous = wet, serous fluid
Name an acronym to remember the features of SLE.
SOAP BRAIN
serositis, oral ulcers, arthritis, photosensitivity, bloods (pancytopenia), renal impairment, ANA, immunological antibodies (ds-DNA), neurological e.g. seizures.
