Infectious diseases

Question 1

cause and symptoms of chancroid

Answer 1

Haemophilus ducreyi
painful ulcer and painful lymphadenopathy

Question 2

Alpha-haemolytic strep

Answer 2

strep pneumonia and strep viridans

Question 3

Investigations for cryptococcus

Answer 3

CSF: India Ink
CT: cerebral oedema, meningeal enhancement

Question 4

qSOFA use

Answer 4

judge if someone will need ITU (e.g. in sepsis)

Question 5

aspects of qSOFA

Answer 5

GCS < 15
SBP < 100
RR > 22

Question 6

Hep A symptoms

Answer 6

asymptomatic
or
acute hepatitis (jaundice, RUQ pain, fever)

Question 7

Hep C management

Answer 7

test genotype
treat with direct antiviral

Question 8

most common Hepatitis in UK

Answer 8

E
similar presentation to Hep A

Question 9

alpha haemolytic Strep

Answer 9

S. pneumoniae, S. viridans

Question 10

Beta haemolytic strep

Answer 10

A (S. pyogenes)
B (GBS)
D (Enterococcus)

Question 11

important note on vivax/ovale

Answer 11

hypnozoites
give primaquine

Question 12

when to do HIV test?

Answer 12

test at 4 weeks and 12 weeks

Question 13

HIV tests

Answer 13

1. ELISA
2. Western Blot Assay confirmatory testing

Question 14

syphillis tests

Answer 14

1. Not treponeme-specific e.g. VDRL, RPR (reflects disease activity, negative after treatment)
2. Treponeme-specific Ab (positive despite treatment)

Question 15

causes of false positive non-treponemel tests

Answer 15

pregnancy
pneumonia
SLE
malaria
TB

Question 16

tetanus prevention in clean minor wounds

Answer 16

-uncertain Hx/ <3 vaccines: give vaccine
- >3 doses: only vaccinate if >10 yrs since last dose

Question 17

tetanus prevention in heavily contaminated wounds

Answer 17

-uncertain Hx/ <3 vaccines: vaccinate and Tig
- >3 doses: only vaccinate if >5yrs since last dose