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Pathology Finals > Infectious 2.1 gram positive > Flashcards

Infectious 2.1 gram positive Flashcards

1
Q

Staphylococcus aureus skin lesions

Affecting the hair follicle that may be solitary or multiple

A

Furuncles

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2
Q

Staphylococcus aureus skin lesions

Burrow into deeper tissue beneath subcutaneous tissue beneath subcutaneous tissue and rises again to form sinuses

A

Carbuncles

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3
Q

Inflammation of the apocrine glands usually found at the axilla

A

Hiradentis

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4
Q

Infection of the fingertips at the palmar sides

A

Pelons

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5
Q

Staphylococcus aureus skin lesions

Honey colored crusty lesions that may also be caused by streptococcus species

A

Impetigo “mamaso”

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6
Q

Desquamation or generalize exfoliation of the granulosa layer
Causes abscess, sepsis, osteomyelitis, pneumonia, endocarditis, food poisoning, toxic shock syndrome

A

SSSS or ritters disease

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7
Q

Associated with the use of tampons
Colonization of the S. Aureus
Causing hypotension and may be lethal

A

Toxic shock syndrome

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8
Q

Virulence factors

Receptor for fibrinogen, fibronectin, vitronectin functioning for attachment

A

Clumping factor

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9
Q

Virulence factors

Resisting phagocytosis

A

Capsule

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10
Q

Virulence factors

Digest the lipids in the CM

A

Lipase

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11
Q

Virulence factors

Binds the Fc portion of Ig inactivating antibody loss of antibody production function

A

Protein A

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12
Q

Virulence factors

Lyses membranes

A

Alpha
Beta
Delta toxin

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13
Q

Virulence factors

Specifically lyses membranes of RBC

A

Gamma toxin

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14
Q

Virulence factors

Specifically lyses membranes of WBC especially phagocytes

A

Leukocidin

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15
Q

Virulence factors

Causes bullous impetigo

A

Exfoliative A and B toxins

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16
Q

Virulence factors

Food poisoning and toxic shock syndrome using tampons

A

Super antigens

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17
Q

Resistant in all beta lactam antibiotics

A

Staph aureus

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18
Q

Part of normal flora of the skin

Opportunistic infections in catheterized patients

A

Staph epidermidis

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19
Q

UTI mostly in women

A

Staph Saprophyticus

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20
Q

Diffuse interstitial neutrophilic infiltrates with minimal destruction if host tissues

A

Strep

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21
Q

Streptococcus

Group A B hemolytic
With capsule
Flesh eating bacteria causing necrotizing fascitis
May also cause impetigo and toxic syndrome

A

Strep pyogenes

22
Q

Streptococcus

Due to M protein that stimulate antibodies

A

Rheumatic fever

23
Q

Streptococcus

Due to pyrogenic exotoxin
Circumolar pallor

A

Scarlet fever

24
Q

Streptococcus

Rapidly spreading erythematous cutaneous swelling
Butterfly rash at the bridge of the nose descending to the cheecks

A

Erysipelas

25
Q

Streptococcus

Group B beta hemolytic
Causes chorichondrionitis in pregnant
Sepsis and meningitis in neonates

A

Strep agalactiae

26
Q

Virulence factor of strep agalactiae

A

Capsule

27
Q

Streptococcus

Lancet shaped in pairs
Alpha hemolytic
Causes community acquired pneumonia lobar and maningitis in adult

A

Strep pneumoniae

28
Q

Strep pneumoniae virulence factors

A

Capsule

Pneumolysin

29
Q

Streptococcus

Alpha gamma hemolytic
Normal oral flora
Endocarditis

A

Strep viridans

30
Q

Streptococcus

Major cause of dental caries
Metabolizes sucrose to lactic acid that produces demineralization of the enamel

A

Strep mutans

31
Q

Causes endocarditis and urinary tract infection
Low virulence
Resistant to antibiotics

A

Enterococcus

32
Q

Virulence factor of enterococcus

A

Capsule

33
Q

Causes diphtheria

Life threatening syndrome that includes formation of a tough gray black pharyngeal membrane (pseudo membrane)

A

Corynebacterium dipheteriae

34
Q

Toxin mediated damage to the nerves, heart, and liver

Causes fatty change and myofiber necrosis

A

Corynebacterium dipheteriae

35
Q

Corynebacterium dipheteriae

Virulence factors

A

Alpha and beta toxin

Causes necrosis of epithelium and coagulation with exudates

36
Q

Causes listeriosis
Gram positive facultative intracellular bacillus
Evokes an exudative pattern of inflammation with numerous neutrophils

A

Listeria monocytogenes

37
Q

Listeria monocytogenes in pregnant women

A

Amionitis or amniochorionitis abortion and still birth

38
Q

Listeria in neonates

A

Granulomatosis infantiseptica

39
Q

Virulence factors of listeria monocytogenes

A

Internalins ( internalization of the microorganism)
Listeriolysin O
Phospholipase
ACTA ( induces actin polymerization causing movement towards undirected cells)

40
Q

Causes anthrax
Acquires through exposure to animals or animal products
Large, boxcar/bamboo fishing rod-shaped gram positive extracellular bacilli chains
Spore former that can be used as biological warfare

A

Bacillus anthraxis

41
Q

Bacillus anthraxis virulence factor

Repeating units of D glutamic acid

A

Polyglutamyl capsule

42
Q

Bacillus anthraxis virulence factor

Active sub unit
Edema factor or lethal factors resulting to interstitial edema or death of the cells, respectively

A

A subunit

43
Q

Bacillus anthraxis virulence factor

Protective antigen

A

B subunit

44
Q

Types of anthrax

Black eschar and regional lymphadenopathy

A

Cutaneous anthrax 95%

45
Q

Types of anthrax

Hemorrhagic mediastinitis (lymph nodes and lungs)
Anthrax meningitis
Rapidly leads to shock and death in 1-2 days

A

Inhalation anthrax

46
Q

Types of anthrax

Due to eating undercooked meat resulting to GI symptoms
Abdominal pain, vomiting, bloody diarrhea

A

GI anthrax

47
Q 
Aerobic beaded slender bacteria
Grow in distinctive branched chains resembling hyphae 
Fite-faraco stain
Found in soil
Causes opportunistinic infections
A

Nocardia

48
Q

Nocardia

Causing respiratory infections

A

Nocardia asteroides

49
Q

Nocardia

Causing infections of the skin

A

Nocardia baziliens

50
Q

Gram positive cocci in clusters

A

Staphylococcus aureus

Pathology Finals (7 decks)

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