Infectious 2.1 gram positive

Question 1

Staphylococcus aureus skin lesions

Affecting the hair follicle that may be solitary or multiple

Answer 1

Furuncles

Question 2

Staphylococcus aureus skin lesions

Burrow into deeper tissue beneath subcutaneous tissue beneath subcutaneous tissue and rises again to form sinuses

Answer 2

Carbuncles

Question 3

Inflammation of the apocrine glands usually found at the axilla

Answer 3

Hiradentis

Question 4

Infection of the fingertips at the palmar sides

Answer 4

Pelons

Question 5

Staphylococcus aureus skin lesions

Honey colored crusty lesions that may also be caused by streptococcus species

Answer 5

Impetigo “mamaso”

Question 6

Desquamation or generalize exfoliation of the granulosa layer
Causes abscess, sepsis, osteomyelitis, pneumonia, endocarditis, food poisoning, toxic shock syndrome

Answer 6

SSSS or ritters disease

Question 7

Associated with the use of tampons
Colonization of the S. Aureus
Causing hypotension and may be lethal

Answer 7

Toxic shock syndrome

Question 8

Virulence factors

Receptor for fibrinogen, fibronectin, vitronectin functioning for attachment

Answer 8

Clumping factor

Question 9

Virulence factors

Resisting phagocytosis

Answer 9

Capsule

Question 10

Virulence factors

Digest the lipids in the CM

Answer 10

Lipase

Question 11

Virulence factors

Binds the Fc portion of Ig inactivating antibody loss of antibody production function

Answer 11

Protein A

Question 12

Virulence factors

Lyses membranes

Answer 12

Alpha
Beta
Delta toxin

Question 13

Virulence factors

Specifically lyses membranes of RBC

Answer 13

Gamma toxin

Question 14

Virulence factors

Specifically lyses membranes of WBC especially phagocytes

Answer 14

Leukocidin

Question 15

Virulence factors

Causes bullous impetigo

Answer 15

Exfoliative A and B toxins

Question 16

Virulence factors

Food poisoning and toxic shock syndrome using tampons

Answer 16

Super antigens

Question 17

Resistant in all beta lactam antibiotics

Answer 17

Staph aureus

Question 18

Part of normal flora of the skin

Opportunistic infections in catheterized patients

Answer 18

Staph epidermidis

Question 19

UTI mostly in women

Answer 19

Staph Saprophyticus

Question 20

Diffuse interstitial neutrophilic infiltrates with minimal destruction if host tissues

Answer 20

Strep

Question 21

Streptococcus

Group A B hemolytic
With capsule
Flesh eating bacteria causing necrotizing fascitis
May also cause impetigo and toxic syndrome

Answer 21

Strep pyogenes

Question 22

Streptococcus

Due to M protein that stimulate antibodies

Answer 22

Rheumatic fever

Question 23

Streptococcus

Due to pyrogenic exotoxin
Circumolar pallor

Answer 23

Scarlet fever

Question 24

Streptococcus

Rapidly spreading erythematous cutaneous swelling
Butterfly rash at the bridge of the nose descending to the cheecks

Answer 24

Erysipelas

Question 25

Streptococcus Group B beta hemolytic Causes chorichondrionitis in pregnant Sepsis and meningitis in neonates

Answer 25

Strep agalactiae

Question 26

Virulence factor of strep agalactiae

Answer 26

Capsule

Question 27

Streptococcus Lancet shaped in pairs Alpha hemolytic Causes community acquired pneumonia lobar and maningitis in adult

Answer 27

Strep pneumoniae

Question 28

Strep pneumoniae virulence factors

Answer 28

Capsule | Pneumolysin

Question 29

Streptococcus Alpha gamma hemolytic Normal oral flora Endocarditis

Answer 29

Strep viridans

Question 30

Streptococcus Major cause of dental caries Metabolizes sucrose to lactic acid that produces demineralization of the enamel

Answer 30

Strep mutans

Question 31

Causes endocarditis and urinary tract infection Low virulence Resistant to antibiotics

Answer 31

Enterococcus

Question 32

Virulence factor of enterococcus

Answer 32

Capsule

Question 33

Causes diphtheria | Life threatening syndrome that includes formation of a tough gray black pharyngeal membrane (pseudo membrane)

Answer 33

Corynebacterium dipheteriae

Question 34

Toxin mediated damage to the nerves, heart, and liver | Causes fatty change and myofiber necrosis

Answer 34

Corynebacterium dipheteriae

Question 35

Corynebacterium dipheteriae Virulence factors

Answer 35

Alpha and beta toxin Causes necrosis of epithelium and coagulation with exudates

Question 36

Causes listeriosis Gram positive facultative intracellular bacillus Evokes an exudative pattern of inflammation with numerous neutrophils

Answer 36

Listeria monocytogenes

Question 37

Listeria monocytogenes in pregnant women

Answer 37

Amionitis or amniochorionitis abortion and still birth

Question 38

Listeria in neonates

Answer 38

Granulomatosis infantiseptica

Question 39

Virulence factors of listeria monocytogenes

Answer 39

Internalins ( internalization of the microorganism) Listeriolysin O Phospholipase ACTA ( induces actin polymerization causing movement towards undirected cells)

Question 40

Causes anthrax Acquires through exposure to animals or animal products Large, boxcar/bamboo fishing rod-shaped gram positive extracellular bacilli chains Spore former that can be used as biological warfare

Answer 40

Bacillus anthraxis

Question 41

Bacillus anthraxis virulence factor Repeating units of D glutamic acid

Answer 41

Polyglutamyl capsule

Question 42

Bacillus anthraxis virulence factor Active sub unit Edema factor or lethal factors resulting to interstitial edema or death of the cells, respectively

Answer 42

A subunit

Question 43

Bacillus anthraxis virulence factor Protective antigen

Answer 43

B subunit

Question 44

Types of anthrax Black eschar and regional lymphadenopathy

Answer 44

Cutaneous anthrax 95%

Question 45

Types of anthrax Hemorrhagic mediastinitis (lymph nodes and lungs) Anthrax meningitis Rapidly leads to shock and death in 1-2 days

Answer 45

Inhalation anthrax

Question 46

Types of anthrax Due to eating undercooked meat resulting to GI symptoms Abdominal pain, vomiting, bloody diarrhea

Answer 46

GI anthrax

Question 47

``` Aerobic beaded slender bacteria Grow in distinctive branched chains resembling hyphae Fite-faraco stain Found in soil Causes opportunistinic infections ```

Answer 47

Nocardia

Question 48

Nocardia Causing respiratory infections

Answer 48

Nocardia asteroides

Question 49

Nocardia Causing infections of the skin

Answer 49

Nocardia baziliens

Question 50

Gram positive cocci in clusters

Answer 50

Staphylococcus aureus