Infectious Flashcards
Ehrlichosis
Midwest and Delaware
Lone Star tick
Nonspecific febrile illness, skin rash, GI
Doxycycline treatment
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Southeast/Midcentral states
Non-specific febrile illness, muscle pain, rash that starts small and is very red with spread over a few days into macropapular rash
IgG antibodies may take a week to show up, serial testing needed
Treat with doxycycline even if pediatric or pregnant
Lyme Disease
Northeast, mid-atlantic, upper mid-west
3 stages
-early localized (bulls eye rash), flu like symptoms
-early disseminated (neuro and cardiac, menningitis)
-Late persistant (arthirits, polyneuropathy, months later)
Treat with Doxycycline (IgM test may take weeks and ELISA can be positive for years)
If pediatric or pregnant - treat with amoxicillin
Severe symptoms, use ceftriaxone
Babesiosis
rare and life-threatening infection of the red blood cells that’s usually spread by ticks
flu-like symptoms, such as fever, chills, sweats, headache, body aches, loss of appetite, nausea, or fatigue, can cause hemolytic anemia
quinine and clindamycin or a combination of atovaquone and azithromycin
Zika Virus
20% develop symptoms
-fever, diffuse pruritic rash, neurologic symptoms
PCR test available
Biggest risk is travel to endemic area (mosquito transmitted)
Yellow Fever
Results in hepatitis
mosquito transmitted
non-specifc febrile illness, conjunctiva, gignivitis, liver pain, elevated liver panels
AST more than twice ALT is red flag
Infectious Mono
Sore throat, fever, cervical lymphadenopathy, fatigue
Test again in 7-10 days (early negative is common)
Always strep screen
Supportive care, no contact sports for at least 3-4 weeks
Abx if severe rash develops
Reportable STIs
Chlamydia
Syphillis
Gonorrhea
Gonorrhea
Ceftriaxone 250mg IM once
Plus Azithromycin 1g PO or Doxycycline for 7 days
Gonorrhea Symptoms
Purulent urethral discharge in men
Often asymptomatic in women
Chlamydial Presentation
Usually asymptomatic
Vaginal discharge, burning with urination
Testicle edema
Rectal discharge
May lead to PID
Syphilis Presentation
Infectious lesions (chancres) usually painless Secondary syphilis = macules and papules on trunk, etc Condylomata lata - raised flat gray papular lesions
Treated with Penicillin G
Chancroid
Painful genital ulceration and inflammatory adenopathy
Treat with single dose azithromycin 1gm oral OR ceftriaxone 250mg IM or 3 day Cipro