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Microbiology > infections of GI > Flashcards

infections of GI Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

oral infections

A

dental caries, gingivitis, necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (trench mouth)
CC: streptococcus mutans, strep oralis
VF: biofilms

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2
Q

mumps

A

parotitis, gopher like swelling, swelling of reproductive organs, fever, tired
CC: mumps virus
VF: syncytia
Tx: self limiting, treated under MMR

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3
Q

gastritis

A

sharp pain from the abdomen, can lead to ulcers and dark bloody stools, can also lead to gastric carcinoma
CC: heliobacter pylori
VF: urease enzyme, makes ammonia when breaking down urea
Tx: amoxicillin, tet, flagyl, clarithromycin

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4
Q

reiter’s symdome

A

urethritis, conjunctivitis, arthritis (can’t pee, can’t see, can’t climb a tree)
from LPS in the body, treat with anti-inflammatory

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5
Q

Guillain-Barre syndrome

A

peripheral neuropathy (paralysis), from LPS in the PNS, treat with cortical steroids

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6
Q

salmonella

A

liked to dairy and raw poultry, watery diarrhea
CC: one of the many salmonellas (G-)
VF: invasive, can hide in cells and make it to blood for shock, gets to bones and causes osteomyelitis
Tx: if it becomes systemic, use ampicillin or Bactrim

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7
Q

typhoid fever

A

invasion of the spleen and liver and blood stream
has fever, abdominal rash, chills, and neurological symptoms
Tx: ampicillin or Bactrim

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8
Q

shigella

A

intense abdominal pain, vomiting, intense straining, causes hemolytic uremic syndrome when toxin enters bloodstream and gets to the kidneys
CC: shigella sonnei, s. flexneri, s. dysenteriae
VF: shiga toxin-inhibits protein synthesis, invasive
Tx: bactrim, ampicillin, azithromycin

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9
Q

EHEC

A

tie to hamburger meat, bloody diarrhea, HUS
VF: shiga toxin and effacing lesions
Dx: can’t use sorbitol for metabolism
Tx: nothing

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10
Q

EIEC

A

bloody (streaks and flecks) diarrhea with pus
VF: invasive
Dx: cannot use lactose for metabolism
Tx: supportive treatment

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11
Q

ETEC

A

traveler’s diarrhea, watery, transmitted by fomites (dirty glasses and ice)
VF: two toxins
Tx: self limiting

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12
Q

EPEC

A

profuse watery diarrhea, vomiting, infants and toddler and adults with poor immune systems
VF: pedestal formations
Tx: monitor and supportive

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13
Q

EAEC

A

chronic watery diarrhea common in young children and aids patients
VF: forms hook

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14
Q

Campylobacter jejuni

A

associated with cooked poultry, watery, vomiting, and severe abdominal pain
VF: 2 toxins
chance of Guillain-barre
Tx: rehydrate, if severe, erythromycin

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15
Q

clostridium difficile

A

superinfection, yellow mucus-y diarrhea, cramps, fever, after antibiotics
CC: G+
VF: two enterotoxins and spores
Complications: pseudomembranous colitis
Tx: discontinue the antibiotic, switch to flagyl, replacement therapy

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16
Q

vibrio cholerae

A

in water, rice water diarrhea, no pain, lose all the water
CC: gram -, comma shaped
VF: cholera toxin (AB camp)
Tx: rehydrate FIRST, ribosomal inhibitors for kids or trimethoprim

17
Q

vibrio parahaemolyticus

A

extreme watery diarrhea linked to shellfish, cholera’s little brother
VF: invasive enterotoxin

18
Q

staphyloccus aureus

A

white foods, creamy and processed meats, cramping nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
VF: staph enterotoxin A
Tx: nothing, recover quickly

19
Q

bacillus cereus

A

VF: two exotoxins, emetic and diarrheal
diarrheal liked to cookmats and vegetables
emetic linked to fried rice

20
Q

cryptosporidium parvum

A

parasitic, waterborne fecal oral, self-limiting in the immunocompetent, extreme in the immunocompromised such as aids
Dx: find oocysts
Tx: flagyl

21
Q

giardia lamblia

A

long duration, flatulence, greasy, bad smelling stools, backpackers disease, Boy Scout diarrhea, beaver fever, fecal oral in water
Dx: two eyespots
Tx: flagyl

22
Q

Entamoeba histolytica

A

bloody diarrhea, non-bacillary dysentery, chocolate pus
VF: secretes enzymes to dissolve tissues
can spread to the liver or spleen, amoebic hepatitis
Dx: cysts
Tx: flagyl

23
Q

cyclosporiasis

A

explosive watery diarrhea, bloating, tight drum like abdomin, fresh produce and water with fecal
CC: cyclosporine cayetanensis
VF: parasitic, invasive
Tx: Bactrim, not flagy

24
Q

rotovirus

A

sudden onset, watery diarrhea, abdominal pain and fever, peaks in winter
vaccine: rotatech
Dx: wheel

25
Q

norovirus

A

projectile vomiting and water diarrhea, malaise, low fever, airborne, cruise ships, summer camps, nursing homes
Dx: cup

26
Q

astrovirus

A

projectile vomiting and watery diarrhea all in immunocompromised patients
Dx: star shaped
Tx: ribavirin

27
Q

adenovirus

A

increased in summer, longer incubation, vomiting and watery diarrhea, can develop respiratory symptoms, lactose intolerance, and intussusception
CC: dna virus, sputnik virus
gastroenteritis: serotypes 40-42
pharyngoconjunctival fever: serotypes 3,7
VF: spikes attach and infect intestinal lining

28
Q

hepatitis

A

inflammation of the liver, malaise, fever, pain in RUQ, jaundice, dark/tea colored urine, clay-colored stool, ALT and AST in blood
CC: A&C are rna, B is DNA
A: transmitted by food, will go away
B: chronic, leading to cirrhosis or cancer, balls and sticks
treated with interferon, valacyclovir, and lamivudine
C: goes to cancer fast, treatment is harvoni

29
Q

enterobius vermicularis

A

pinworm, from the dirt, hatch in the large intestine, crawl out of the butt to lay eggs then crawl back, causes perianal itching and squirming
Dx: scotch tape test
Tx: pyrantel pamoate

30
Q

Ascaris lumbricoides

A

roundworm, from dirt, hatch in large intestine then go to lungs and then back to the large intestine. distended belly, blockage, nutrient depletion, death
Tx: bendazoles

31
Q

Necator americanus

A

hookworm, uses teeth to go straight from soil, ground itch, nutrient depletion, failure to thrive, blood sucking worm
Tx: bendazoles

32
Q

Trichinella spiralis

A

hunters worm, from eating wild game, nausea vomiting, painful lesions, migrates to other tissues
Tx: bendazoles

33
Q

Taenia saginata

A

beef tapeworm, in undercooked beef, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, painful bowels, intestinal blockage
Dx: worm with suckers
Tx: bendazoles

34
Q

Taenia solium

A

pork tapeworm, undercooked pork, causes cysts
Dx: suckers and teeth
Tx: bendazoles

Microbiology (7 decks)

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