Cardio Diseases Flashcards
endocarditis
inflammation of the valves of the heart, microbe attachment and growth, anemia, abnormal heartbeat, petechiae rash and splinter hemorrhages, may follow infection of prosthetic
CC: staphylococcus epidermidis (white films), oral streptococci, staph and GAS
VF: biofilms
Tx: complete removal of prosthetic and long-term antibiotics
TSS
sudden high fever and low BP, vomiting, seizures, rash on palms and soles and peeling
CC: staph aureus (TSS1)
Strep pyogenes (SpeA and SpeC)
Gram - bacteria from LPS
necrotizing Fasciitis
1 inch per hour, death and necrosis of tissue
CC: GAS and Staph aureus (toxin mediated)
in water CC: vibrio vulnificus and aeromonas hydrophila (both gram-)
Septicemias
organisms actively multiplying in the blood, fever, hypotensio, shaking, and chills
CC: GAS and pseudomonas aeruginosa
smells fruity, has fluorescence and positive oxidase testing
P.aeruginosa infections
burn wound infections, cystic fibrosis infections, nosocomial infections, corneal infections, and ecthyma gangrenosum
plague
injected through flea bite, inflammation and necrosis of the LN, swollen called a bubo which is tender, fever, chills
CC: yersinia pestis
VF: low ID
Tx: aminoglycoside antibiotics
Tularemia
rabbit fever, headache, backache, chills, malaise, ulcerative skin lesions, swollen LN, sore throat, from tick bite
CC: francisella tularensis
VF: highly infectious
Tx: aminoglycosides
Lyme disease
stage 1: bullseye rash or just rash
stage 2: acute neurologic or cardiac involvement, weeks to months after bite
stage 3: months to years after, arthritis and encephalopathy
CC: borrelia burgdorferii
Tx: doxycycline or beta lactams then cephalosporins
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
tick bite, spotted rash from extremities to trunk
CC: rickettsia rickettsii
VF: replicates in endothelial cells
Tx: tetracycline
Ehrlichiosis
tick bite, exact RMSF but no rash, complications in cardio, restlessness, delirium
CC: E.chaffiensis (macrophages and DC)
E.equi (neutrophils and mast cells)
Tx: tetracycline
Cat-scratch fever and cat-bite cellulitis
cellulitis with occasional small papules, moves to lymphatics
can cause bacillary angiomatosis (blood blisters), bacillary pelisses hepatitis (blood filled cavities in the liver), endocarditis
CC: bartonella henselae and pasturella multocida
Tx: mostly self-limiting
Ebola virus
rash, headache, fever, chest pain, hemorrhagic fever, red eyes
CC: Ebola virus
Tx: supportive
mononucleosis
kissing disease, cold-like symptoms, sore throat, exudates in throat, fatigue, spleen damage
CC: epstein-barr virus
Tx: rest
Dengue fever
sudden high fever, flat red rash and then measles rash, increased sensitivity and bone pain, headache, vomiting
CC: Dengue virus
VF: viremia
from mosquito bites
Zika Virus
fever, rash, joint pain, conjunctivitis, but can be asymptomatic, teratogenic can cause shrunken head
CC: zika virus
VF: lipid membrane, neurotropic
