infections in the heathcare setting

Question 1

mostly caused by

Answer 1

commensals

MRSA, VRE, MDR, P. auriginosa, Klebsiella, enterobacteria

Question 2

respiratory infections

Answer 2

ventilator associated pneumonia
ventilator breaches anatomical defences
humidified air
gram negative bacilli- p.aeruginosa
post surgical aspiration pneumonia 
S. pneumonia, S aureus

Question 3

UTIs

Answer 3

40% of health care infections
mostly catheter associated
urine is rich medium
E. coli, gram negatives, P mirabilis, klebsiella

Question 4

bloodstream infection

Answer 4

catheters

S. epidermidis, S. aureus

Question 5

GI infections

Answer 5

clostridium difficile 
2 toxins 
TcdA and TcdB
toxic megacolon, psuedomembrane colitis 
treatment with metronidozole and vancomycin
norovirus

Question 6

commensals that cause HCAIs

Answer 6

MRSA and MSSA
resistance due to aquisition of SCCmecA
resistance to b lactams
E.coli
ventilator associated pneumonia
UTIs