Infection & Response: Diseases

Question 1

Malaria
- spread
- symptoms
- preventions

Answer 1

Spread
- vector- mosquito
- protists enter when mosquito bites humans

Symptoms
- shaking
- recurrent episodes of fever

Preventions
- removing stagnant water
- antimalarial drugs
- insect nets
- insecticides

Question 2

Salmonella
- spread
- symptoms
- preventions

Answer 2

Spread
- found in unhygienic conditions
- found in raw meat and eggs

Symptoms
- recurrent episodes of fever
- diarrhoea
- stomach cramps
- vomiting

Preventions
- keeping raw meat away from the cooked food
- vaccination of poultry

Question 3

Gonorrhoea
- spread
- symptoms
- preventions

Answer 3

Spread
- sexual contact

Symptoms
- thick yellow/green discharge from vagina or penis
- pain when urinating

Preventions
- condoms
- antibiotics

Question 4

HIV
- spread
- symptoms
- preventions

Answer 4

Spread
- sexual contact
- exchange of bodily fluids eg. blood from sharing needles

Symptoms
- initial flu-like symptoms
- virus then attacks the immune system
- if the immune system is badly damaged then it can’t cope with other infections or cancers
- at this stage, the virus is known as AIDs

Preventions
- using antiretroviral drugs which stop the virus replicating in the body
- screening blood used for transfusions
- use of condoms
- not sharing needles

Question 5

Measles
- spread
- symptoms
- preventions

Answer 5

Spread
- ny droplets froman infected person’s sneexe or cough

Symptoms
- red skin rash
- sign of a fever
- high temperature
- can sometimes lead to pneumonia (lung infection) inflammation of the brain (encephalitis)

Preventions
- most people are vaccinated against measles when they’re young