Infection Control Flashcards
What are the two ways infections can be caused
Endogenous-normal flora
Exogenous- environment
What are sources of infection (12)
Blood Mucous membranes Breast milk Pericardial fluid Bodily fluids Wound exudate Synovical fluid Skin surface Pus Vommit Salvia Faces
What are 4 routes of transmission
Mouth-faeces - salmonella
Airborne- flu
Contact- MRSA
Blood/body fluid- HIV
What are 5 signs of infection
Pyrexia Swelling/redness Pus Confusion Tachycardia
When should you wash hands
Before treating a patient
After treating a patient
What are the two types of flora
Transient
Resident
When do you use PPE
When there’s a risk of contamination with blood/mucous membranes/ skin lesions/ bodily fluids
What are the 5 types of gloves
.Plastic - not appropriate .Vinyl- appropriate not with blood/long .latex- most common .nitile- better than latex but expensive .neoprete- theatre
What is the order of putting on PPE
Apron
Mask
Eye protection
Gloves
What is the order of taking off PPE
Gloves
Apron
Goggles
Mask
Four do’s / donts sharp management
Do- dispose of safely and immediately
Don’t- resheath needles after use
Pass naked needles
Try bend needles
How do you handle a sharps injury
Encourage bleeding Cover Wash Report Go to occupation health
What are orange waste bags for
Infectious or potentially infectious soft waste contaminated with bodily fluids
What are yellow bins for
Infections or potentially infectious clinical waste contaminated with pharmaceuticals or chemicals
What are tiger bags for
Non infectious recognisable HC waste
What are bins with red lids for
Anatomical waste
What are bins with blue lids for
Out of date stock
Pharmaceutical waste
Ward or patient returns
What are yellow lidded sharp bins for
Needles, syringes, used medicine vials contaminated with pharmaceuticals
What are purple lidded sharp bins for
Cytoxic waste
What is low risk equipment and how is it cleaned
Things in contact with healthy in tact skin or not in contact with the patient
Cleaning
How is intermediate risk equipment identified and cleaned
In contact with immunity compromised patients or mucous membranes/body fluids
Disinfected
How is high level risk equipment identified and cleaned
In contact with broken skin or mucous membranes or introduced to a sterile body cavity
Sterilised
How do you clean
Wash with cleaning solution to remove accumulated deposits
Reduces organisms, dirt, grease, organic matter
How to disinfect something
Clean first Follow manufacturers instruction Use within 24hr worth label and time Uses chemicals or heat Doesn't kill all virsuses or spores It is the partial removal of spores bringing them down to a safe level
