Infection Flashcards
What mode of transmission is TB
airborne
What organ(s) can be infected with TB
any organs, but the lungs are the most common
How long does TB stay active
whole lifespan
What are the cardinal signs of TB
night sweats, fever, and cough (active TB)
What is treatment for TB
isolation and drug therapy from anywhere to 2 months to 2 years
Infection
s state of tissue destruction resulting from invasion of microorganisms into the body
What is infection a process of
the integumentary and immune systems
What do nurses play an important role in for infection
prevention, detection, and treatment
When were infectious diseases the most common cause of death
20th century
What population is infectious diseases still the most common cause of death for
children
What regulates the success or failure of a microorganism
the genetic makeup of both the microbe and the host
Reverse vaccinology
the promise to design vaccines for microorganisms that do not yet have a vaccine
When do normal flora not cause infection
If they stay where they are helpful to the host
Bacteria
a single cell enclosed in a cell wall that reproduces through binary fusion and secrets toxins and enzymes to cause damage to the host
Virus
intracellular parasite that requires a living host for reproduction
Nosocomial
infectious that are cause by antibiotic-resistant bacteria
5 stages of infection
incubation, prodromal, acute, convalescent, resolution
Incubation
active replication of a microorganism, no symptoms
Prodromal
symptoms are present, highly contagious
Acute
rapid proliferation of microorganisms, significant symptoms
Convalescent
the body’s attempt to contain the infection and eliminate it
Resolution
the total elimination of a pathogen
Cultures
determine the extent of the infection and the antibiotic ability
Stain
classify bacteria
Biopsy
take tissue and examine for pathogenic organisms and cell changes
Serological testing
looking at the blood for antibodies
Direct antigen identification
combines culture and the use of a microscope to identify and quantify
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
detects genetic material
Antimicrobial agents
interfere with proteins or cell wall synthesis
What agent is C-Diff caused by
spore forming bacteria
What kind of infection is C-Diff
opportunistic
Treatment for C-Diff
stop any current antibiotics and start taking metronidazole and vancomycin
