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nutrition 322 > Infant nutrition chapter 8 > Flashcards

Infant nutrition chapter 8 Flashcards

1
Q

double their birth weight by

A

4-6 months of age

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2
Q

triple at

A

1 year

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3
Q

what causes infant mortality

A

malformationa, premature/ lbw, SIDS, injuries and maternal complications

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4
Q

what contributes to infant mortality rate

A

socio economic levels, bad access to health care, medical interventions like c-section, induced labour, teen preg, increased incidence of multiple births,

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5
Q

the reflexes

A

rooting, sucking, swallowing, breathings,

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6
Q

what is the main causes for poor cognitive, motor, and socioemotional development

A

severe,acute, undernutrition

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7
Q

how long does it take for the git to develop

A

6 months, start in the womb when swallowing the amniotic fluid

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8
Q

energy needs

A

80-120 kcals /kg in first 6 month
7-12 months: 98kcla/kg
but depends on weight, growth, sleep, wake, temperature, physical activity, metabolic response to food, health status

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9
Q

protein need

A

0-6: 1.52g/kg

7-12: 1.2g/kg

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10
Q

fat needs

A

needed for neurological needs- should never restric cholesterol
0-6: 31g
7-12: 30g
half the calories in bm is fat
provides essential fatty acids: alpha linolenic, linoleic DHA (brain, retinal phospholipds, ARACHIDONIC acid which contribute to hormaones, steroids, endocrine, neuroactive compounds
uses it up quickly so cannot sleep through the night

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11
Q

where does the body get its energy

A

carbs- if not then breakdown muscles

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12
Q

what is the most common chronic desease in childhood

A

dental caries

floride will help

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13
Q

vit d

A

AI:400ius for infant

bm only has 22IU/ L

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14
Q

fe

A

from 4-12 months an infants blood volume doubles
if low: cause cognitive and motor development , socio- emotional impairment (wary, hesitant, unhappy)

AI: 0.27MG/DAY

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15
Q

WHAT TOOLS ARE USED TO MESURE BABIES

A

scales, measuring boards, head circumference mesuring

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16
Q

what do WHO and CDC growth charts show

A

weight for age
lenghs for age
weight for lenghs
head circumference for age

17
Q

WHO growth cahrt

A

2006, include for 0-24 months for each gender, based on longitudial study who are exclussively or predominently breastfed and living in urban area, middle class, in brazil, Ghana, Oman, Norway, India, and USA- were all consistent with each other.

18
Q

what does bm have that formula doesnt

A

immunoglobulins, lysozymes, lactoferrin

19
Q

why not feed the baby cows milk

A

IDA, from low iron availability from gastrointestional blood loss or lack of of other iron rich foods

20
Q

what are the sign that the baby wants real food

A

watches food being prepared
tight fists or reaching for the spoon
geting upset if pace is too slow

21
Q

what are signs that bab is getting full

A

starts to play with food, slows pace of eating, spits out food

22
Q

what hapens if meal time is not enjoyable

A

later in life casn become very picky, food refusal, bad behavior at mealtime

23
Q

when should a bay start using a cup

A

as they approach 1 year - encourages speech development

24
Q

what is the first food

A

infasnt cereal with breast milk- single ingredient foods- use the same food for 3-5 days- never add salt or sugar- do not buy baby desserts, 1 tbs
ex, apple sauce, sweet and non potatoes, yogurt, pears, bananas, watermellow, cheerio

25
Q

innapropriate foods

A

corse textures, - crackers,

26
Q

how much water do infants need

A

0-6: 700ml

8-12:800ml

27
Q

what influences food preferences

A

in the whomb, amniotic fluid, breast milk- not formula, - reflex to like sweet and salty- not sour/bitter - genetics

28
Q

what can go wrong in formula feeding

A

improperly prepared, safe storage, position during feeding, feeding volumes, frequency, heating

29
Q

supplements

A

floride at 6m if not in the water, iron is recommeded at 4 months of age if exclusively breastfed- 1mg/kg/day, b12 if vegan breastmilk

30
Q

ida

A

affects neurodevelopment and behavior- causes long term learning delay- poor cognitive, socio-emotional, motor
caused from low birth weight, high consumption of cows milk, low iron-rich foods, low socioeconomic status, immigrants

31
Q

fe

A

0.27mg/day-0-6m

7-12: 11mg/day

32
Q

diarhea

A

one of the most common illnessses in infant- dehydration

treatment is to resume bf

33
Q

dental carries- how to avoid

A

no bottles at night, avoid sugary foods/drinks. , after the first tooth appears very frequent bf should be avoided, should be weened of bottle from 12-18 moths, see dentist at 12 months, brusg teeth

34
Q

hydrolyzed proteins

A

formulas that contain enzymaticay digested proteins, or singley aa

35
Q

lactose intolerence

A

over diagnosed but there is low lactose formula available

36
Q

vegetarian diets

A

low in b12, vit d,ca,fe,zn, omega-3

nutrition 322 (11 decks)

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