Infant Feeding

Question 1

Define ever breastfed

Answer 1

Infant has been breastfed on at least one occasion

Question 2

Define exclusively breastfed (3)

Answer 2

Infant has only ever been fed with breast milk
No other liquids or solids have been introduced
With the exception of vitamin and mineral supplements

Question 3

Define predominantly breastfed (2)

Answer 3

Infant has mainly been breastfed

But may have consumed water, fruit juices, teas or oral rehydration fluids

Question 4

Define bottle feeding (2)

Answer 4

Process of feeding baby liquid or semi solid foods via bottle with a teat
Generally this refers to feeding a cows milk derived substitute to human milk

Question 5

Define complementary feeding

Answer 5

The infant is nourished through a combination of breast feeding and solid or semi-solid foods

Question 6

Reasons for not initiating breastfeeding (4)

Answer 6

Social acceptability
Desire to return to work
Wish partner to share task of feeding convenience
Want to see what baby is having

Question 7

Reasons for stopping breastfeeding (4)

Answer 7

Sore nipples
Engorgement
Infections
Insufficient milk

Question 8

Advantages of breastfeeding for women short term (6)

Answer 8

Can feed on demand
Oxytocin release and promotes bonding with child
Oxytocin promotes uterine involution
Suppresses secretion of FSH and LH - prevent menstrual cycle and replenishes iron stores

Question 9

Long term advantages of breastfeeding for women (3)

Answer 9

Associated with bone mineral density
Reduced risk of breast cancer
Reduced risk of ovarian cancer

Question 10

Define breastfeeding (2)

Answer 10

Process of feeding baby human milk

Either directly from the breast or in expressed form

Question 11

Benefits of breastfeeding for infants (6)

Answer 11

Optimal form of nutrition for 6 months
Low risk of infection 
Protection against sudden infant death 
Superior brain function 
Protection against allergies 
Lower risk of obesity in childhood

Question 12

How may breastfeeding reduce the risk of infection (2)

Answer 12

No mixing of formula milk powder with infected water

Human milk is protective against pathogens

Question 13

Benefits of breastfeeding on brain development (4)

Answer 13

Requires AA and DHA
DHA and AA are highly present in human milk
Although this depends maternal diet
Breastfed infants reported to have improved developmental scores

Question 14

Benefits of bottle feeding (3)

Answer 14

Reduced dependency on mother
Promotes bonding with other family members
Ensures all nutrient requirements are met

Question 15

Drawbacks associated with formula milk (6)

Answer 15

Need for preparation 
Expensive 
Increased risk of allergy 
Infection 
Over concentration of formula
Malnutrition due to under concentration 
Possible contamination

Question 16

Why shouldn’t unmodified cows milk be given to infants under 12 months?(4)

Answer 16

Iron deficiency
Renal solute load
Nutrient content
Cows milk allergy

Question 17

Principles for infant feeding (3)

Answer 17

Supply nutrients to support growth
To deliver all nutritional requirements as milk
From 6-12 months to supply at least 50% of energy requirements from milk

Question 18

Who are excluded from from breastfeeding recommendations?(2)

Answer 18

Trauma which has injured the milk ducts

Hormonal and glandular deficiency

Question 19

Why may be promotion of breastfeeding important?

Answer 19

Women will be more likely to successfully breastfeed

Question 20

Define fully breastfed

Answer 20

Includes both exclude and predominant

Question 21

Reasons stopping breastfeeding before 6 months (2)

Answer 21

Pain

Difficulties with techniques