Industrialization Flashcards
What city was the center of the meat industry?
Chicago
What was the railroad city?
Omaha
What region was the center of textiles?
North
What city was the center for the automobile industry?
Detroit
What were major inventions in transportation?
- Steam Boats
- Canals
- Railroads
- Refrigerated Railcars
- Better Roads
- Automobiles
- Airplanes
What is the definition of natural resources?
Anything that people can use that comes from nature.
Is it better to have more or less natural resources?
More because if you have more natural resources the faster your industry can grow.
What were some of the natural resources that that United States had?
- Iron Ore
- Coal
- Petroleum
- Copper
- Lead
- Wood
- Phosphates
Where were products made?
- Close to a work force
- Close to natural resources
What are agricultural areas?
Large rural areas where farming occurs.
What are manufacturing centers?
Places where natural resources are turned into finished products.
What is a national market.
Places where large populations want products.
How did advances and transportation link resources, products and markets?
- Made it possible to take natural resources to manufacturing centers to be used in making finished products
- Finished products could now be taken to national markets regardless of distances
Who invented the telephone and what was its impact?
- Alexander Graham Bell
- Could communicate between long distances
Who invented the phonograph and how did it impact people.
- Thomas Edison
- Could now listen to music in the comfort of your own home
Who invented the first practical lightbulb and what impact did it have?
- Thomas Edison
- Could light you homes without flames
- Could light your home after dark
What city was the center of steel production?
Pittsburgh
Who invented the fountain pen and how did it impact people.
- Lewis Waterman
- Better and more efficient writing utensil.
Who invented the air air brake and what was its impact?
- George Westinghouse
- Could stop trains without labor
- Much safer travel for train passengers
Who invented the process to convert iron to steel and how did that impact people?
- Henry Bessemer
- Steel was a stronger and more durable material
- Steel was made cheaper with this process
Who invented the typewriter and how did it impact people
- Made documents and letters more legible
Who invented the first motion picture and what was its impact?
- Thomas Edison
- Was a new form of entertainment for people
Who invented radio transmission and how did it impact people?
- Guglielmo Marconi
- New way of receiving news and entertainment
Who invented powered flight and what was its impact?
- Wright Brothers
- New faster form of transportation
Who invented the assembly line and how did it impact people?
- Less need for skilled workers
- Lower wages for families
Who invented the Electric power plant and what was its impact?
- Thomas Edison
- Made it possible to provide power for multiple electric decides at once
What is a cooperation?
- A public company (a company owned by many people)
- These companies can buy other companies because they have more money
What is a monopoly?
The complete control of an industry by a person or cooperation
What were robber barons?
- Wealthy powerful businessmen
- Used exploitive practices and government influences
- Paid lower than minimum wage
- Squashed start up companies
- Created monopolies and raised their products prices
Who was Andrew Carnegie?
- Scottish immigrant
- Founded Carnegie Steel Company
- Philanthropist who gave away millions of dollars at the end of his life
- Owned every step needed to make iron to steel
What is vertical integration?
Owning every step needed for an industry.
Who was Cornelius Vanderbilt?
- A rags to riches story
- Controlled the shipping and railroad industry
- Used vertical integration
- Ruthless
- Built Grand Central Station in New York
Who was JP Morgan?
- A rich to richer story
- Bought Carnegie Steel Co. from Andre Carnegie
- Singlehandedly bailed out US government
- Created General Electric after a taking it for Edison
- Very ruthless and was considered a robber baron
Who was John D Rockefeller?
- Had most of his business in Ohio
- Wealthiest of four robber barons
- Founded Standard Oil Company
- Created a way to refine oil
- Becomes the richest man in history
- Owned 90% of the refinery business
- Considered very ruthless and uncaring
- Was the first person to be accused as a robber Barron and taken to trial on a monopoly
What is horizontal combination?
Owning the businesses that are needed for an industry
What were the 5 impacts the industrial revolution had on employees of big businesses?
- Rise of Immigration
- Low Pay
- Long Hours
- Unsafe Working Conditions
- Child Labor
What were some dangers children faces while working at factories?
- Desease
- Rats and Vermin
- Cuts and Scrapes
- Poor Air
- Beatings
What were some of the jobs children had to do?
- Peeling Potatoes
- Snapping Beans
- Cottin Gin
- Sorting Coal
- Sewing
- Glass Factory
What opportunity that we have today did children then not have?
The opportunity to go to school.
What type of skills did children have that made them preferable for some jobs?
- Small Hands
- More Manageable
- Able to Get Into Small Places
- Complained Less
- Quicker
- Able to Do Simple Tasks for Long Periods of Time
What was the Laissez-Faire Law?
Policy for the government that they wouldn’t interfere with indutry
What did the Laissez-Faire Law cause?
Low wages and long hours because there were no restrictions.
What did an industry need to grow in the US?
- Capitol
- Natural Resources
- Railroads
- Energy
- New Inventions
- Large Populations
- Advertising
How did mechanization transform American life?
Mechanization replaced the need for human lab for many farm tasks with more efficient and effective machines.
How did urban industrial development transform American life?
Made the day-to-day life of Americans easier and opened the door to more employment opportunities.
How did the shift in the population to rural to urban communities transform American life?
Many Americans moved from farms to cities for better opportunities and more exciting activities.
How did access to consumer goods transform American life?
Access to consumer goods provided rural Americans with the ability to purchase items previously only available in cities. Mail order catalogs opened up the country as a national market for many different products.
