Cold War And Civil Rights Flashcards
What was NATO? What was its purpose?
A military alliance between the US, Canada, and Western Europe democracies to prevent the spread of communism
What was the Warsaw act and what was the purpose
A communist military alliance led by the Soviet Union and Eastern European nations
What wasn’t the
UN and what was its purpose
An international peace keeping organization that was to promote peace and global cooperation
What is containment
US foreign policy during the Cold War that preventedthe spread of communism
What was the Marshall plan and who created it?
George C Marshall The purpose was to help European countries build up their countries again after World War II by. Building up their economie and forming strong governments
What happened to Germany and Berlin the capital after world war 2?
It was split into 4 parts, Soviet Union, the US, Great Britain, and France
Why did the Berlin airlift occur?
Stalin had blockaded West Berlin to Force the US, Great Britain, and France to give up on the city. The US and Great Britain flew in supplies to West Berlin and Stalin lifted the blockade.
What happened to Japan after WW2?
Japan was supported by the US in order to recover from the war and establish a democratic state
What was the red scare and MacArthuryism
Red scare: the belief that communism was going to spread into the United States
MacArthuryism: falsely accusing someone of being communist. During the red scare, innocent people were investigated. People who refused would be fired from their jobs. Many people were blacklisted
What was the space race and which countries were involved
It was the competition tween the US and the Soviet Union to see who could get into space first
What was the bay of pigs invasion
Failed US attempt to overthrow Fidel Castro in Cuba. Cuban exiles were trained by the CIA but did not receive the popular support in Cuba they had hoped for
What led to the Cuban missile crisis?
Ussr was building missile launch pads in Cuba. Kennedy used naval blockade around Cuba… The Soviet Union eventually agreed to remove the launch pads if the Us took away their blockade and removed their missiles in turkey.
What was the domino theory
The theory that if one country became communist than the surrounding countries would become communist too. Focused on Southeast Asia
Why did the Us fight in the Korean War
To stop the spread of communism. (Containment policy)
What was the result of the Korean War? Who was fired?
Both stayed communist and the south didn’t. General MacArthur was fired
Why did the Us get involved with the Vietnam war
To contain communism and because of fear of the domino theory. The us wanted to stop the Vietcong from taking over south Vietnam.
Why was it so hard to fight the Vietnam war
The Vietcong used Guerilla warfare- it was difficult to determine who was fighting and who was a civilian. The climate and environment were also difficult
What was the Vietcong and north Vietnamese tactics for warfare
Guerilla warfare, underground tunnels, traps, no uniforms/ blended in,knew the jungle well
What was the US tactics for warfare
Napalm, agent orange, search and destroy, heavy bombing
What occurred at the gulf of Tonkin (off the coast of Vietnam) in 1964 and what was the result of that event
To naval destroyers were torpedoed byNorth Vietnamese boats. Congress passed the gulf of Tonkin resolution.
What happened as a result of the gulf of Tonkin resolution
The us began fighting and and bombing in Vietnam. This allowed the president to defend the US against Vietnam meaning that the us never officially declared war.
The reunification of Germany was the result of what
The fall of communism in Eastern Europe
When and why was the Berlin Wall created
In 1961 o prevent East Germans from leaving to West Berlin
What did the fall of the Berlin Wall symbolize
The fall of communism in Europe and a United, democratic Germany
How did the USSR respond to reforms in Eastern Europe in 1989
They allowed the fall of the Berlin Wall, allowed republics to claim their independence
Why did communism collapse
The cost of nuclear arms on the Soviet Union. Gorbachev came to power and implemented glasnost and perestroika, Eastern European countries gained more freedom
What was Fidel Castro
Cuba and communist
What was Harry Truman
United States and capitalist
What was Mao Zedong
China and communist
What was ho chi Ming
North Vietnam and communist
What was Nikita Khrushchev
Soviet Union and communist
What is civil disobedience
A non violent way to change unjust laws
How did women’s lives change with their fight for equal rights
More opportunities in the workplace, athletics, and education, Attitudes and perceptions changed
What was NOW and what we’re its goals
National organization for women, Advance women’s rights, bring about equality in a workplace and equal pay, fight against sexism
Who was Eleanor Roosevelt and what did she do for human rights
Franklin d Roosevelts wife, supported women’s and African Americans rights, supported labor reform
How did women try to gain equality? Were they successful?
Formed organizations like NOW, tries to get the equal rights amendment passed. Title IX. Not entirely, ERA and equal rights amendment failed, but attitudes and perceptions did change
What was the equal rights amendment
Proposed amendment for equal rights regardless of gender ; was not approved by the states
What was title IX
Prohibits discrimination in education (that received federal funding), specifically in athletics, scholarships, and financial aid.
What was the Civil Rights Act of 1964
Outlawed segregation in public places , Federal government could fight against discrimination
Who was Martin Luther King Jr. What did he fight for?
Baptist minister, fought for racial equality, encouraged non-violent protests, led the Montgomery bus boycott and the march on Washington
What was Martin Luther King Jr.view on equality. Who and what influenced his view.
Fought for racial equality, was influenced by his faith/bible and the teachings of Gandhi
What was plessy v Ferguson
Supreme Court decision that established desperate but equal. Said that Jim Crow laws were legal
What was brown v board of education
Supreme Court decision that desegregated schools, saying that separate was not equal
What were Jim Crow laws and how did they affect society
Established segregation; they affected society by elevating whites and discriminating against blacks
Who was rosa parks
Was arrested for not giving up her seat on a bus, thus began the Montgomery bus boycott. She believed that everybody should be treated fairly
What was the Montgomery bus boycott
After rosa parks was arrested, African Americans in Montgomery refused to rid the busses for 381 days straight. Led by Martin Luther King Jr.
Who were the freedom riders
Black and white people who rode busses around the south, protesting against discrimination
What was the NAACP? Who founded it?
National Association for the advancement of colored people. WEB Dubois helped to found it. Part of the brown v education case
What was accomplished by the voting rights act of 1965
Got rid of literacy tests to help blacks vote
What was the civil rights movement and what were its goals.
A struggle for equal rights and justice. End discrimination and segregation.
