Civil War Flashcards
What was important about the Firing on Fort Sumter, South Carolina?
It began the war
What was important about the First Battle of Manassas (Bull Run)?
It was the first major battle
What is a compromise?
A settlement of differences
What is secession?
The withdrawal of 11 Southern states from the United States
What is topography?
A detailed, exact description of an area or region of land
Who is this?
- was president of the Confederate States of America
Jefferson Davis
What were the border states during the civil war?
- Missouri
- Kentucky
- Maryland
- Delaware
What was important about the Signing of the Emancipation Proclamation?
Made “freeing the slaves” the new focus of the war; many freed African Americans joined the Union army.
What was the importance of the Battle of Vicksburg?
It divided the South; the North controlled the Mississippi River
What was important about the Battle of Gettysburg?
It was the turning point of the war; the North repelled Lee’s invasion
Who is this?
- was President of the United States
- opposed the spread of slavery
- issued the emancipation of proclamation
- determined to preserve the union, by force if necessary
- believed the United States was one nation, not a collection of independent states
- wrote the Gettysburg address that said the civil war was to preserve a government, “of the people, by the people was to preserve a government, and for the people
Abraham Lincoln
Who is this?
- was general of the Union army that defeated Lee
Ulysses S. Grant
Who is this?
- was leader of the army of northern VA
- was offered command of the Union forces at the beginning of the war, but chose not to fight against VA
- opposed secession, but did not believe the Union should be held together by force
- urged southerners to accept defeat at the end of the war and reunite as Americans when some wanted to fight on
Robert E. Lee
Who is this?
- was a skilled confederate general from Virginia
Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson
Who is this?
- was a former enslaved African American who escaped to the north and became an abolitionist
Frederick Douglass
Which area seceded from the Union?
Southern states that were dependent upon labor intensive cash crops seceded from the Union
Which 11 southern states seceded from the Union?
Alabama Arkansas Florida Georgia Louisiana North Carolina South Carolina Tennessee Texas Virginia Mississippi
Which area remained in the Union?
Northernmost slave states (border states) and free states stayed in the Union
What issue is this?
- While there were several differences between the North and the South, the issues related to_______ increasingly divided the nation and led to the civil war
Slavery
What issues is this?
- The North was mainly an urban society in which people held jobs in cities
- The South was primarily an agricultural society in which people lived in small villages and on farms and plantations
- Because of their________differences, people of the North and South find it difficult to agree on social and political issues
Cultural issues
What issue is this?
- The North was a manufacturing region, and its people favored tariffs that protected factory workers from foreign competition
- The South was largely agricultural. Southerners opposed tariffs that would cause prices of manufactured goods to increase. Planters were also concerned that Great Britain might stop buying cotton from the South of tariffs were added
Economic issues
What issue is this?
- A major conflict was states’ rights versus strong central government
Constitutional issues
How did the issues of states’ rights and slavery increase sectional tension between the North and South?
- The South feared that the North would take control of Congress, and southerners began to proclaim states’ rights as a means of
self-protection - The North believed that the nation was a union that could not be divided
- While the Civil War did not begin as a war to abolish slavery, issues surrounding slavery deeply divided the nation
What were two important issues that divided the nation?
- An important issue separating the country related to the power of the federal government. Southerners believed that they had the power to declare any national law illegal. Northerners believed that the National government’s power was supreme over that of the states
- Southerners felt that abolition of slavery would destroy their region’s economy. Northerners believed that slavery should be abolished for moral reasons
When was the Missouri Compromise? What happened?
- 1820
- Missouri entered the Union as a slave state
- Maine entered the Union as a free state
What happened during the Compromise of 1850?
- California entered the Union as a free state
- Southwest territories would decide the slavery issue for themselves
When was the Kansas-Nebraska Act? What happened?
- 1854
- People in each state would decide the slavery issue (“popular sovreignity”)
What was the Southern secession?
- Following Lincoln’s election, the Southern states seceded from the Union
- Confederate forces attacked Fort Sumter in South Carolina, marking the beginning of the Civil War
- Lincoln and many Northerners believed that the United States was one nation that could not be separated or divided
- Most Southerners believed that the states had freely created and joined the Union and could freely leave it
Where were the Union Blockades of the war?
Savannah, Charleston, New Orleans
Who is Robert Smalls?
- African American sailor
- A Union Naval Captain
- Highly honored for feats of bravery and heroism
- A Congressman after the Civil War
Which states are part of the North?
- California
- Connecticut
- Illinois
- Indiana
- Iowa
- Kansas
- Maine
- Massachusetts
- Michigan
- Minnesota
- New Hampshire
- New Jersey
- New York
- Ohio
- Oregon
- Pennsylvania
- Rhode Island
- Vermont
- West Virginia (became a separate state, obv.)
- Wisconsin
Which battle earned the Union control of the Mississippi River?
Vicksburg
Which battle was won by control of higher ground?
Gettysburg
What happened at Appomattox courthouse?
Robert E. Lee surrendered to Ulysses S. Granting 1865; ending the war
Where were battle locations influenced by the struggle to capture capital cities?
Richmond and Washington DC
