Industrial Revolution

Question 1

Define Industrial Revolution

Answer 1

Industrial Revolution changes beginning in the 1700s when power-driven machines began to do much of the work that people had done before

Question 2

Identify Agricultural Revolution

Answer 2

was the unprecedented increase in agricultural production in England due to increases in labour and land productivity that took place between 1750 and 1880, although it had its beginnings in the 17th century.

Question 3

Identify Jethro Tull

Answer 3

Invented Seed Drill

Question 4

What is crop rotation ?

Answer 4

The practice of rotating use of different fields from crop to crop each year to avoid exhausting the soil.

Question 5

What is seed drill and why was it important ?

Answer 5

seed drill Invention that allows farmers to plant seeds in well-spaced rows of specific depths. Resulted in decrease in wasted seed, increase in crop production, increase in profit

Question 6

What are enclosures ?

Answer 6

The process of consolidating small landholdings into a smaller number of larger farms in England during the eighteenth century.

Question 7

Why did Industrial revolution begin in England ?

Answer 7

Large population of workers
water power and coal
iron ore to construct machines, tools and building
rivers for inland transportation
harbors from which merchant ships set sail
political stability
availability of loans

Question 8

What are the factors of production ?

Answer 8

land, labor, and capital (or wealth)

Question 9

What industry was first transformed by the Industrial Revolutipon ?

Answer 9

Textile industry. Because of several inventions
flying shuttle
spinning jenny
water frame (water power to drive spinning wheels)
spinning mule
power loom

Question 10

Where were the first factories built ?

Answer 10

Near rivers or streams to use water power

Question 11

What drove the development of steam engine ?

Answer 11

The textile industry’s need for cheap, convenient power source.

Question 12

Who first developed a steam engine that was faster and more efficient ?

Answer 12

James Watt

Question 13

What entrepreneur did Watt team up with to commercialize his steam engine ?

Answer 13

Matthew Boulton.

Question 14

Which American adapted Watt’s steam engine for use in boats ?

Answer 14

Robert Fulton. He built the steamboat called the Clermont in 1807

Question 15

What form of water transportation was critical in the industrial revolution in England ?

Answer 15

Canals. The 4,250 miles of canals helped cut the cost of transporting raw materials and finished goods

Question 16

What did John Mc Adam invent ?

Answer 16

He developed a way to pave roads so that they could be used in all kinds of weather. They became known as “macadam” roads

Question 17

What steam driven vehicle drove English industry aftrer 1820

Answer 17

Steam driven locomotives and railroads.

Question 18

How did railroads revolutionize life in Britain ?

Answer 18

1) Spurred industrial growth by providing cheap transportation
2) Created thousands of new jobs for railroad workers and coal miners
3) Boosted agricultural and fishing industries
4) encouraged people to take distant jobs

Question 19

What agricultural movement precipitated the migration of many rural families into the cities ?

Answer 19

Agricultural revolution-farming more efficient, less labor needed,

Question 20

Describe the average work day for a child laborer during the industrial revolution ?

Answer 20

12-14 hours, few breaks

Question 21

What law provided working rights for children ?

Answer 21

The Factory Act

Question 22

How would a factory owner justify not paying an orphan’s wages for all of their hours of work ?

Answer 22

They fed and housed them

Question 23

What were punishments for children who were late or did not meet their quotas ?

Answer 23

Being “weighted”–forced to wear weights and walk up and down the factory

Question 24

Why would parents be willing to subject their kids to these conditions ?

Answer 24

Needed money

Question 25

What did the Factory Act of 1833 provide ?

Answer 25

Limited working hours
Kids under 9 couldnt work
Kids get 2 hours of school

Question 26

How did the working situation of children in the cities differ from those in rural areas ?

Answer 26

Worse in cities

Question 27

What was the Rocket ?

Answer 27

First commercial steam locomotive

Question 28

What was the claim to fame of the following
a. Thomas Edison
b. Alexander Graham Bell
c. Henry Ford
d. Karl Benz
e Wright Brothers
f. Marconi

Answer 28

a. Phonograph and motion picture camera
b. Telephone
c. Developed automobiles and the assembly line
d. Made first car with combustion engine
e. First successful airpland
f/ Radio

Question 29

What was the claim to fame of the following
a. Louis Pasteur
b. Joseph Lister
c. Charles Darwin
d. Gregor Mendel
e Alfred Nobel
f. John Moses Browning

Answer 29

a. Louis Pasteur-vaccine for rabies and anthrax; pasteurization of milk and food; contributes to “germ theory”
b. Joseph Lister-antiseptics for sterilzation
c. Charles Darwin–theory of evolution
d. Gregor Mendel-genetics
e Alfred Nobel-dynamite; nobel prize
f. John Moses Browning-improved machine gun

Question 30

What was the claim to fame of the following
a. Hiram Maxim
b. John Deere
c. Robert Fulton
d. Mattias Baldwin
e Samuel Colt
f. Jospeh Glidden

Answer 30

a. Hiram Maxim-first portable machine gun
b. John Deere–steel plow; farm machines
c. Robert Fulton–steam boat; submarine
d. Mattias Baldwin–interchangeable parts; commercial steam locomotive
e Samuel Colt-revolver–cheap interchangeable parts
f. Jospeh Glidden–barbed wire