Industrial Revolution

Question 1

Define the industrial revolution

Answer 1

The industrial revolution refers to the transfer to new manufacturing processes in Great Britain, Continental Europe and the US, where products were no longer made solely by hand but by machines. This occurred around 1760-1820.

Question 2

Where and when did the industrial revolution begin?

Answer 2

began in Britain in the 1760’s in the textile/cloth industry

Question 3

During the industrial revolution hand-spinning, hand-looms and hand- weaving was replaced by new machinery such as?..

Answer 3

Edmund Cartwright’s automatic weaving machine

Question 4

During the first phase of the revolution, it was spread to other areas of Europe. these places included?

Answer 4

France and Germany

Question 5

What 3 factors made the industrial revolution possible?

Answer 5

The introduction of new sources of power, new building materials, and changes made in transportation

Question 6

The change from cotton to factory industry was made possible largely because of the introduction of three new sources of power. Name them.

Answer 6

Electricity, Steam and Oil

Question 7

What were the three sources of power used prior to the industrial revolution?

Answer 7

Water, animals , and wind

Question 8

Water was the main source of power prior to the industrial revolution. Give one disadvantage of this being so then give one advantage of the three new sources being introduced.

Answer 8

Disadvantage:
It limited the amount of factories that could be built since factories had to be built near rivers, streams or other sources of water in order for old machinery to be functioned. So the amount that could be produced depended on the availability of water.

Advantage:
With the discovery factories could be built anywhere land was available.

Question 9

Name the two new building materials that were introduced during the industrial revolution.

Answer 9

Steel and iron

Question 10

What was the chief building material prior to the industrial revolution?

Answer 10

Wood

Question 11

What impact did the introduction of new building materials have on the industry?

Answer 11

It motivated people to begin to look to other inventions and discoveries to compliment the new building materials because now buildings could be higher and other machinery could be sturdier.

Question 12

Which invention was made out of iron in 1800?

Answer 12

a printing press

Question 13

Prior to the industrial revolution paper was being made by hand but then the first paper was being constructed where and when?

Answer 13

In England, 1803

Question 14

By 1811 the iron printing press was being powered by which new source of power?

Answer 14

steam

Question 15

What were the changes that were made in transportation during the industrial revolution?

Answer 15

Horses and carriages were replaced by cars and railways, and Oar boats and ships powered by sails were replaced by steamships

Question 16

Today, with the improvements made in transportation and technology, the world is now described as a “global village”, elaborate.

Answer 16

With the new changes in transportation, it made the world more accessible. With faster, more efficient means of transportation, goods and services could now reach more parts of the world.

Question 17

Which country is known as “the workshop of the world”?

Answer 17

England

Question 18

In what century did the industrial revolution begin?

Answer 18

18th century

Question 19

Why is the industrial revolution important to history?

Answer 19

The inventions of that revolution led to today’s inventions

Question 20

Who perfected the steam engine in 1769? What is his country of origin?

Answer 20

James Watt, England

Question 21

Which American invented the steam boat as a commercial vessel, when did he do it and to where was its first route?

Answer 21

Robert Fulton invented the steamboat in 1807. Its first route was between New York and Albany.

Question 22

The American that invented the steamboat was influenced by an English man when he went to study in England. Who is this man, who was he influenced by, and what year did he go study in England?

Answer 22

Robert Fulton went to study in England in 1787 where he met James Watt and was influenced by him.

Question 23

What was the English man George Stephenson’s invention in 1829?

Answer 23

He perfected the locomotive/railway. He used steam traction on the tramway.

Question 24

Which English man gave us electricity as a source of power, when, what was he studying, and what did he create in order to create electricity?

Answer 24

Michael Faraday gave us electricity in 1831. He was studying electrolysis and created the electric dynamo.

Question 25

What was Fox Talbot’s creation, from where did he originate, and when did he create this?

Answer 25

ox Talbot is from England, he created instantaneous photography in 1841. Before this, it took 6 hours to produce a picture.

Question 26

How long would it take to produce a picture before instantaneous photography was created in 1841?

Answer 26

six hours

Question 27

A French man, Ferdinand de Lesseps, made an invention. What was it and when was it created?

Answer 27

He constructed the Suez Canal in 1869. It was opened for use on November 17, 1869. It joined the Red Sea to the Mediterranean Sea.

Question 28

Who invented the first combustion engine in 1887?

Answer 28

A German, Gottlieb Daimler, It was used to power the first car. (1884??)

Question 29

During the second phase of the revolution it then started to spread to where in 1870?

Answer 29

the USA

Question 30

During the second phase of the revolution Americans began to take it to a whole new level. They created inventions such as?

Answer 30

telephones and elevators

Question 31

Give at least 3 positive effects of the revolution then try to elaborate

Answer 31

many new professions were created, the factories employed a large number of unskilled workers, the number of cities and towns grew at a rapid rate, some towns and ports became famous, there was a great increase in the middle class society, migration occurred at a faster rate, after a while the number of middle class persons began to lobby for the introduction of trade unions to protect workers rights. This gave them an important avenue to power.

Question 32

What was one one of the most noted profession that was created?

Answer 32

engineering

Question 33

Liverpool and Manchester officially opened their railway system to public traffic in what year?

Answer 33

1830