Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

SRNAClinical Practicuum Prep > Induction agents & Properties > Flashcards

Induction agents & Properties Flashcards

1
Q

Propofol class

A

Sedative Hypnotic medication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Is propofol water or lipid soluble

A

Lipid Soluble

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Propofol contains

A

Soybean, glycerol, Egg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Does propofol emulsion cause histamine release

A

NO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Propofol should not be administered to

A

Patient who has had an anaphylactic reaction to eggs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the most commonly used IV administered anesthetic induction agents?

A

PROPOFOL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Good properties of propofol

A

Rapid onset and offset
Rapid redistribution
Low N/V

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Does propofol has any antiemetic effects

A

Yes

So good that they administered in PACU at times 10-20mg for post op N/V

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Induction agents that causes the most hypotension

A

PROPOFOL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Propofol : Pain on injection attenuated with

A

Lidocaine.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

CNS effects of Propofol

A

Stimulation of GABA-A receptors is likely responsible for anesthetic properties of drugs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Induction dose of propofol produces anesthesia lasting

A

5-10 minutes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

CV effects of Propofol

A

Dose related Decrease BP, SVR

Decrease myocardial contractility at HIGHER DOSES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

RESP effects of propofol

A

Dose dependent decrease or respiratory drive

Ventilatory response to CO2 is decreased

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Prolonged infusion can produced Green urine for this drug? Why?

A

Propofol; Because of the presence of Phenolic or quinol metabolite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Propofol excretion is

A

urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Propofol effect on renal, liver, and coagulation

A

None

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Propofol and NMB

A

Increases the depth of blockade NOT THE DURATION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Propofol induction dose
Alternate
Loss of consciousness within

A

1.5 - 2.5mg/kg
20 to 40 mg until onset of unconsciousness
60 sec or less

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Propofol dose should be reduced in those patients

A

Older, hypovolemic and poor cardiac reserve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Propofol infusion/maintenance dose is

A

20 to 200 mcg/kg/ min

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Propofol METABOLISM

A

Hepatic to water-soluble sulfate and glucuronide conjugates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

ETOMIDATE best benefits

A

Rapid onset and offset
MINIMAL CV effecs
CEREBRAL PROTECTION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

ETOMIDATE is a weak acid or base

A

Weak base

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

ETOMIDATE MOA

A

Causes neuronal hyperpolarization and subsequent depression of the reticular activating system through the inhibition of neural signals.
Increase affinity of GABA receptor for GABA molecule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

For Etomidate what is responsible for the rapid offset due to an initial decrease in plasma concentration

A

REDISTRIBUTION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What kind of diseases can DOUBLE the half time of ETOMIDATE?

A

Renal or hepatic disease (LOW PLASMA PROTEIN)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

For ETOMIDATE: Following an intravenous administration of a bolus, _________exists in the nonionized form in plasma, ______ of which is protein bound, primarily to

A

99% of etomidate ; 75% ; albumin.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

METABOLISM OF ETOMIDATE

A

Etomidate is metabolized via ester hydrolysis (both plasma and hepatic)

30
Q

Does ETOMIDATE have active metabolite?

A

no

31
Q

What is the induction dose of ETOMIDATE? loss of consciousness within

A

0.3mg/kg ; 2 minutes

32
Q

Maintenance of anesthesia with Etomidate can be achieved via initial infusion rates of______. Goal of therapy is _________ (concentration)

A

100 mcg/kg/min

300-500 ng/dL

33
Q

Etomidate provides cerebral protection by

A

decreasing cerebral metabolic rate, with a proportional decrease in CBF, thus maintaining
an appropriate O2 supply/demand ratio.

34
Q

ETOMIDATE and MAP

A

Unaffected

35
Q

Best induction agent for patients with hemodynamic instability, decreased ejection fraction, coronary artery
disease, or valvular heart disease who require a stable CO and MAP

A

ETOMIDATE

36
Q

ETOMIDATE and BP

A

minimally affected

37
Q

Coronary blood flow will be decreased, as will the myocardial O2 requirement, preserving the O2 supply/demand ratio with this Induction agents

A

ETOMIDATE

38
Q

ETOMIDATE and respiratory depression

A

Minimal depression in TV

39
Q

ETOMIDATE decreases ICP

A

Yes

40
Q

Induction agent Associated with MYOCLONUS

A

ETOMIDATE

41
Q

INDUCTION agent associated with PORPHYRIA

A

ETOMIDATE

42
Q

How do you reduce the risk of MYOCLONUS in patients receiving ETOMIDATE

A

The risk of myoclonus can be decreased with concomitant opioid or midazolam use.

43
Q

Etomidate should not be used in patients with a history of

A

porphyria

44
Q

Thrombophlebitis, which can occur

A

24 to 48 h after the use of etomidate, appears in up to 25% of patients.

45
Q

What is KETAMINE structurally related to ?

A

PCP (phencyclidine)

46
Q

The anesthesia produced by ketamine is termed ______Why?

A

dissociative

because patients appear to be dissociated from their environment rather than simply nonreactive.

47
Q

Ketamine is also a recreational drug of abuse (best known under the names

A

vitamin K and special K).

48
Q

MOA of KETAMINE: The properties of ketamine are primarily mediated by

A

Noncompetitive antagonism at N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, but the drug also has local
anesthetic properties.

49
Q

The most prominent excitatory amino acid in the body?

A

Glutamate

50
Q

Ketamine has even been reported to interact

A

with mu, dela, and kappa opioid receptors

51
Q

Ketamine inhibits reuptake of the monoamines

A

epinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin

52
Q

Ketamine anesthesia is reversed by_______

A

anticholinesterases, which will elevate aCh

53
Q

Local anesthetic effect of ketamine has been explained by its interaction with

A

Na+ channels.

54
Q

Ketamine CV effects

A

mimics sympathetic nervous system stimulation, causing increased blood pressure, cardiac output, and
myocardial O2 consumption. H

55
Q

Ketamine and HR and BP

A

Increase

56
Q

Ketamine and CO

A

Increase

57
Q

This initial action of ketamine on the cardiovascular system is due to

A

amine reuptake inhibition.

58
Q

Ketamine alone does not induce respiratory depression, so airway patency is

A

well maintained during ketamine anesthesia

59
Q

KETAMINE and airway and Asthma patients

A

produces bronchodilation so GOOD agent for asthma

60
Q

KeTAMINE and ICP and CBF

A

a cerebral vasodilator–>causes an increase in cerebral blood flow and intracranial pressure in patients with space-occupying intracranial lesions

61
Q

EMERGENCE DELIRIUM associated with this agent

A

KETAMINE (5-30 % of patients)

62
Q

KETAMINE administered

A

IV, IM, SC, SL, PO

63
Q

Combining ketamine with ________improves postoperative analgesia and reduces side effects.

A

opioids

64
Q

remains useful as an agent well suited for short and very painful procedures performed outside
the operating room _______

A

KETAMINE

65
Q

GABA- A receptors have 5 subunits which are

A 
Alpha
Beta 1
Beta 2
Beta 2
Gamma 2
66
Q

This medication acts on all GABA-A receptors

A

Propofol

67
Q

Etomidate works on Those GABA-A subunits

A

B2 and B3

68
Q

Induction agent associated with Adreno-corticosuppression

A

ETOMIDATE

69
Q

Only induction agent with ANALGESIA

A

Ketamine

70
Q

ETOMIDATE and N/V

A

Associated with increased rates of postoperative nausea and vomiting;

71
Q

Propofol MOA

A

GABA agonist, increase Cl- ion conductance, Hyperpolarization of cell.

72
Q

Nitrous on skeletal muscle tone

A

Increases skeletal muscle tone

SRNAClinical Practicuum Prep (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions