Individual Differences

Question 1

Big 5 personality theory

Answer 1

Openess- curious, creative and open to new ideas

Conscientiousness- organised, systematic, punctual, achievement orientated

Extraversion- outgoing, social, talkative

Agreeableness- tolerant, sensitive, trusting

Neuroticism- anxious, irritable, temperamental, moody

Question 2

Define IQ and limitation

Answer 2

· Definition: intelligence quotient (mental age/chronological age x 100, where a score of 100 is average).

· Limitations: averages all domains of intelligence, does not consider each separately

Question 3

Crystallized vs fluid intellegence

Answer 3

· Crystallised: ability to apply previously acquired knowledge to current problems

o Improves with age

· Fluid: ability to deal with novel problem-solving situations for which personal experiences does not provide a solution

o Declines with age

Question 4

Baron Cohen Empathizing/systematizing theory

Answer 4

Empathising: able to infer thoughts or feelings of another person and produce an appropriate reaction

· Systematising: drive to analyse or construct any kind of system (i.e. understanding the rules that govern a system, in order to predict how that system will behave)