Indiv Differences + Psychopathology Flashcards
What is psychopathology
The study of behavioural disorders
What is abnormal
What diagnostic classification system do psychologist use
DMS 5 or ICD 11
One limitation of DMS 5 + ICD 11
No therapeutic guidance
What are the 4 Ds to define abnormalities
Deviance
Distress
Dysfunctional
Danger
What is meant by deviance
Emotions and thoughts that are against societies norms
What is meant by distress
Personal sense of suffering
What is meant by dysfunctional
Interfere with everyday functioning
What is meant by danger
Potential for harm
Advantages of diagnostic systems
Help guide treatment
Giving label makes it easier to understand
Help with research
Help access service
Disadvantage of diagnostic systems
Wrong diagnosis leads to self fulfilling prophecy
Doesn’t help recovery
What is depressive disorder
A mood disorder with feeling of sadness and loss of interest
Symptoms of depression
Low mood
Loss of interest
Appetite change
Sleep change
Low energy
What is anxiety disorder
A set of related disorders
Panic disorder + OCD + PTSD
symptoms of anxiety
Panic attacks
Avaoidance
Phobia
What is a phobia
Irrational fear of a particular object or situation
Three types of clinical assessment
Clinical interviews
Clinical observation
Clinical test
Describe clinical interviews
1-2-1 setting
Detailed info
Structured or instructed
Describe clinical observation
Greater understanding
Artificial or home setting
Self monitored
Disadvantage of clinal observation
People behave different when being watched
Describe clinical test
Questionnaire, rating scales
More valid + reliable
5 models of psychopathology
Medical model
Cognitive behavioural model
Humanistic + existential model
Developmental ,Odell
Psychodynamic
What is the medical model
Biological factors
Chemical imbalance in brain
Limitation of medical model
Shows correlation and not causation
Ignores social factors
C b m
Irrational thoughts feelings and emotions
Humanistic and existential model
When full potential not met
Development model
Genetic + environmental
Psychodynamic model
If psychosexual stages not negotiated
Behaviour determined by unconscious mind
